Returned Students And The Cultural Development Of Mathematics System In Late Modern China

The development of modern science in China has lasted for more than one hundred years, and the returned students played important roles and made great contributions to the diffusion and institutionalization of modern science in China such as math. From 1840 to 1949, many mathematicians studied abroad, such as mathematician Jiang Lifu, Jiang Zehan, Hu Mingfu, Xiong Qinglai, Chen Jiangong, Su Buqing etc., formed a strong mathematician community and started to teach and research in math department of recent Chinese university after their homecoming. They cultivated many talents and accelerated the development of math institutionalization in resent China greatly.The contribution which the returned students made to the building of recent math institutionalization culture was discussed from the connection between returned students and the construction of resent Chinese math institutionalization culture. System construction of some subject includes many aspects such as education, societies, scientific research etc. And corresponding to the three aspects, we studied the system cultural ideas of returned students in the mathematics system building from these three levels in this paper.In the paper, we firstly discussed the characteristics of the building of resent Chinese mathematics education system from two aspects: one was the building of mathematics department during late modern China, and the other was the setting up of curriculums in mathematics department. And the inferences what they did on the development of the system building of resent Chinese mathematics education was further analyzed. Then, we analyzed the contribution that returned students made in cultural development of societies system of recent mathematics from the prototype of the early society system culture, to the formation of medium-term society system culture and to the ultimately mature of the mathematical societies system. In the end, the major role returned students played in the cultural development of mathematics scientific research system late modern China was talked over. We list the beginning of Chinese mathematics research system culture-the building of Tsinghua University Mathematics Academy and the formation sign of Chinese mathematics research system culture-the building of Mathematics Institute of Centre Academia.Finally, we summed up the features which returned students made to Chinese mathematical system cultural development recently. Their contributions to recent mathematics system cultural construction were significant. Returned students learned many advanced mathematics knowledge and they not only actively absorbed advanced foreign experiences but also proposed a suitable way for Chinese math development. The study may be helpful to the standardization and scientific of math system in late modern China and contemporary math system cultural building and other subjects.At that time, the determination of mathematical terms was also an important work, and the returned students made great efforts to it. What they did deeply influenced the spread and development of math. So in appendix, we briefly discussed the returned students' contribution made to the job.