Study On Assessment Of Groundwater Resources Based On GIS

Water is the source of life, is an important material basis for national economic and social development and an essential element of the ecological environment. Nowadays, Social productivity is improving every year. With the development of regional economic, the demand of water resources are increasing continuously. When surface water is nearly full used, groundwater has become a crucial source of water supply with the advantages of widely distribution, facilitate exploitation and relatively less susceptible to contamination.Northeast is an important industrial and agricultural bases of China. However, the region is short of water resources. The rate of groundwater supply is increasing year by year, and the conflict of water resources demand and supply is more and more conspicuous. A series of problems such as ground water depression cones, water pollution have become"bottlenecks"for the regional economic development. After the policy of revitalizing the old industrial bases in Northeast region is put forward, the economic development in the provinces of northeast China is greatly stimulated. As a result, for water resources, especially groundwater resources which support the regional economic progress, the trend of water resources shortage will be even more serious. Ground water resources are facing the task of rational exploitation, efficient utilization, optimal configuration, comprehensive conservation, effective protection and scientific management. How to sustainable use groundwater and to play its supportive role is demanding prompt solution. To carry out comprehensive groundwater assessment and clarify the utilization and pollution status of groundwater resources in the region will make great significance.In this paper, by using the excellent spatial analysis function of ArcGIS software, the distribution regularity and overall quality of groundwater is studied. A vector map which contains five different water-bearing rock groups in different water abundant levels and the groundwater quality classification map are finished, realizing the visualization of assessment results. According to China water resources bulletin from the year 1995– 2006, groundwater resources quantity and utilization status in three provinces are analyzed. It is found that the total groundwater resources quantity in the three provinces in northeast China is Heilongjiang Province>Jilin province>Liaoning province, but the data in per unit area is nearly at the same level in three provinces. Surface water is the main water supply source in Jilin province, but in the other two provinces, groundwater supply is as important as surface water. The extent of groundwater exploitation and utilization is Liaoning province>Heilongjiang province>Jilin province.After the vector hydro-geological map be finished, it is found that in northeast old industrial bases, the loose rock group and magmatic rock group are the main water-bearing rock types in the region, accounting for 38% and 37% of the total area respectively. Both the two type rock groups are distributed in three province and spread as north-south direction. The loose rock groups mainly take up the west of the assessment region while the magmatic rock groups take up the east. The clastic rock group and metamorphic rock group are relatively less in the area, accounting for 12% and 11% in all the rock types. The Clastic water-bearing rock groups are nearly evenly distributed in the region, the area in Heilongjiang provinces is slightly more than the other two provinces. Metamorphic rock group scattered distributed in the east part of three provinces, and gradually more and more from north to south. The carbonate rock group which is only in Liaoning province takes up only 2% of the area in all type of rock groups.The water-rich level in each water-bearing rock group is discussed. The results showed that loose rock group and the carbonate rock group are rich in water, but the water rich level changes in a large range. The Clastic rock group is less rich in water compared with the two rock groups mentioned above, while the water hidden in the magmatic rock group and the metamorphic rock group are even more less. The water-rich levels of this three type rock groups are stable.At the same time, by referencing more than 200 papers which are all about the ground water quality of northeast old industrial base and data from the 973 project, 11 index are selected to assessment the overall groundwater quality status in the old industrial bases. By using Kigring interpolation method, the assessment map of each index and the classification map of the regional groundwater quality are drawed. The results showed that, ground water in most region of the old industrial base is clean, but groundwater in central and western area of Liaoning province has been polluted relatively seriously. Ground water in Songyuan and Baicheng city is not very good, too. The overall trend of the groundwater quality in northeast old industrial bases is the east better, west worse, and he north better, he south worse.At last, based on the assessment results above, the counter measures on groundwater sustainable use is discussed. This can be as references for groundwater scientific utility and management.The spatial analysis function of GIS and groundwater assessment methods are combined in this paper. In this way, the efficiency and visualization level of groundwater assessment are improved, as well as the assessment effectiveness and reliability. The work can service for the regional scientific management of groundwater resources and has certain reference significance in large-scale comprehensive ground water resources assessment.