Study On The Sustainable Utilization Of Water Resource In Water Deficient Regions

Water is the support of human life and civilization, the irreplaceable important resource, and also the important material base of realizing sustainable development. With development of population and economy, increasing in water demand, and deterioration of water environment, water deficiency has been a global issue. According to statistics, more than 400 cities in China have the problems of water deficiency now. Therefore, analyzing the water deficient problems of these regions systematically and finding the ways to the sustainable development of urban water resource are significant for the sustainable development of the economy and society.This paper introduces the current situation and the trends of development in sustainable exploitation issues of water resource in China and over the world, and the major problems of the China issues. Then analyzes the basic functions and features of sustainable exploitation of water resource, and builds an index system, which can represent the harmonious development situation of water resource, society, economy, and environment, by using the theories and methods in economic statistics. Based on this indexes system, three coefficients including coordinateness coefficient, sustainability coefficient and economic coefficient are defined. By combining the three coefficients, a final overall assessment index is proposed to assess the sustainability of water resource exploitation.The demonstration in this paper is based on urban planning practices of the master planning of Lezhi county, in the urban planning institute of Sichuan province. Through this case study in Lezhi county, the overall assessment index is applied to assess local water resource exploitation during 1998 to 2002, comes to the conclusion that the water resource in Lezhi county is unsustainable, and finds problems in the exploitation, which supply more accurate basis for sustainable water resource exploitation and management. At last, we advice possible countermeasures of the sustainable utilization of urban water resources in Lezhi county, which contains pushing the construction of water-saving society, strengthening water pollution control, setting up the water bureau in Lezhi, constructing and refining the public participating mechanism of water resource, building interest urban waterfront space. These countermeasures can be used to instruct the practices of urban planning.