| It is well-known that water shortage, especially for city seriously affects the social andeconomic development of city and becomes a world-wide problem. Jilin Province is one ofthe major provinces with drought and water shortage in Northeast China. Drought and watershortage are characterized by their high frequency, broad range and great loss. Moreover,drought and water shortage have a tendency to occur often, and the extent of the damage onsocial and economic system have increased recently due to such factors as urbanization,population growth, increasing demand account of water resources with development ofeconomic and the improvement of living environment in cities and climate change. This studypresents theory, methodology and management measures for risk analysis and assessment ofurban drought and water shortage in Jilin Province, China from the viewpoints of climatology,geography, hydrology, disaster science, and environmental science and so on, based ondomestic and international advanced research results through Geographical InformationSystems (GIS) , the technology of natural disaster risk assessment and many quantitativeanalysis methods under the principle of sustainable development.This study presents a model of risk assessment of urban drought and water shortage whichintegrates hazard, exposure, vulnerability and emergency response and recovery capabilitycontributed to urban drought and water shortage in Jilin Province, China by using NaturalDisaster Risk Index method, Weighted Comprehensive Analysis and Analytic HierarchyProcess and the technology of Natural Disaster Risk Assessment. The risk degree of urbandrought and water shortage is assessed by the risk assessment model, the risk map of urbandrought and water shortage is drawn based on GIS. The risk management countermeasures ofurban drought and water shortage for Jilin province were proposed based on theabove-mentioned research results. The risk degree of urban drought and water shortage inJilin province shows: Chang Chun, Song Yuan, Bai Cheng are the cities with high risk of thedrought and water shortage, Ji Lin, Sing Ping, Liao Yuan and the autonomous prefecture ofYan Bian are the cities with moderate risk, Tong Hua and Bai Shan are the cities with low risk.According to the reason of water shortage,, Chang Chun and Ji Lin are belong to the citieswith mixed type of water shortage, Si Ping, Liao Yuan, Song Yuan and Bai Shan belong to thecities with type of water resource shortage, Tong Hua and Yan Bian belong to the cities withexecutive type of water shortage.This study can be expected to raise public awareness of drought and water shortage risk,improve emergency response capability to drought and water shortage, mitigate the affect andloss caused by them, and to provide solid theories and technological supports for takingcomprehensive and active measurements to fight drought in Jilin Province.
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