Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphisms Analysis Of Ancient Population From A 2400-year-old Necropolis Found In Helingeer Of Inner-Mongolia

In 1999, archaeologists found a 2400-year-old necropolis that located inXindianzi, Helingeer of Inner-Mongolia. To determine the origin and migration ofthe ancient population (Hlge population) found in this necropolis, we successfullyextracted DNA from ancient skeletal remains of 10 specimens. Ancient DNA wasanalyzed by amplifying and sequencing HVSI of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)control region.After analyzing the sequences of mitochondrial DNA, we observe twelvemutations by aligning with CRS. Particularly, Sample 6 shares one haplotype withSample 8.In these sequences, site 16223(C→T) which mostly distributes in asianpopulations exists in nine samples and site 16260(C→T) found in most northernasia populations presents in seven samples. In addition, site 16111(C→T),16185(C→T),16256(C→T),16298(T→C),16327(C→T) and 16362 (T→C) areobserved in these samples.According to the mutations of HVSI, eight sequences were classified asbelonging to M macrohaplogroup that mainly distributes in Asian populations, andthe rest of two sequences were classified as belonging to N macrohaplogroup. Thehaplogroup distribution of Hlge population is similar to that of Xiongnu that wasan ancient nomadic tribe, which indicates that Hlge population and ancestor ofXiongnu may be homologous on matrilineal lineage.According to archaeology and physical anthropology, the ancient populationburied in this site may be northern nomads who came from Mongolia altiplano andarea of out Baikal because of cold weather in Dongzhou period. To confirm theconclusion of archaeology and physical anthropology, we selected fifteen modernpopulations as comparative populations according to the location of them,...