The Design And Implementation Of Automatic Weather Stations Detector

Automatic weather stations, an important element of the meteorological observation system, accomplish the ground acquisition and transmission of various meteorological information. Generally speaking, it consists of four major parts, namely the meteorological sensor, the data acquisition unit (DAU), the data transmission device and the power surplay device. In recent years, China's meteorological department has devoted a great deal of manpower and material resources to the automatic calibration and verification of the meteorological sensor, which turns out to be a great success in improving the quality and accuracy of meteorological observation. However, the on-line calibration and verification of DAU, the key equipment of AWS, have not been developed large-scale yet. That means when DAU itself works abnormally or errors in measurement appears because of faults, the system maintenance person cannot accomplish fault location and failure analysis, which will affect the quality and accuracy of meteorological observation data.This paper, based on the solution to on-site verification of AWS DAU, designs, develops and achieves a set of automatic verification and calibration device-AWS DAU detector, which can estimate and analyze on-line the working condition of AWS meteorological sensor, DAU, data transmission. Through portable upper computer for abnormal and fault location, it is convenient with maintenance person to calibrate and verify on-site weather station.Being in strict accordance with the work procedure of embedded product designing and development, this paper solved circuit principle diagram designing of AWS'DAU detector, PCB designing and detector program designing and portable upper computer software designing and so on. It also realizes the manufacture, debugging and testing of prototype. Test results show that the detector can not only measure the actual input WAS sensor data accurately, including analog signals, digital signal, frequency signal etc, to estimate quickly the sensor's working condition; but also can produce all kinds of sensor signal according to DAU to estimate the working condition of sensors quickly. What's more, by using communication interface and data protocol to quickly determinate the working condition of transmission devices, it can satisfy the requirement of the automatic weather stations on-site verification and achieve the goal of designing.