Digital Economy,Innovation Factor Agglomeration And Regional Industrial Structure Upgrading

The upgrading of industrial structure,a comprehensive process of endogenous and exogenous development,is an inevitable requirement for high-quality economic development and long-term sustainable growth,and is also an important part of the scientific development of the construction of a modern industrial system.The key to achieve the endogenous sustainable upgrading and development of industrial structure lies in the endogenous aggregation and evolution process of innovative elements,that is,the formation of endogenous mechanism of the core elements of new quality productivity.In the era of digital economy,what new features and laws are presented by the aggregation of innovative elements,and what new mechanisms will be presented by the endogenous evolution of industrial structure are the most urgent core scientific issues in the field of industrial evolution and development theory.The change of China’s industrial structure has always been accompanied by the formation and evolution of the agglomeration of innovation factors.As the basis of innovation activities,the spatial agglomeration of innovation factors not only plays the role of knowledge spillover and economies of scale,but also plays the role of improving the efficiency of industrial innovation,which helps to break through the dilemma of "low-end locking" and single industrial structure.Because China rooted in the low efficiency of spatial allocation of innovation factors,market segmentation of innovation factors,weak technological transformation capacity of China’s industrial system and insufficient allocation of high-tech talents,and other factors,which results in insufficient impetus for industrial innovation.It is urgent to change from the agglomeration orientation of cost advantage dependent on capital elements to the agglomeration efficiency-oriented competition of enabling innovation and growth of scientific and technological resources.Effectively giving play to the advantages of innovation factor agglomeration has become an important force to break the shackles of industrial structure upgrading.However,the economic benefits generated by innovation factor agglomeration have inflection point effect,which excessive agglomeration will bring vicious competition,path dependence and low factor allocation efficiency leading to negative externalities.Therefore,different levels of innovation factor agglomeration have different impacts on industrial structure upgrading.In order to maximize the economic effect of innovation factor agglomeration,it is necessary to find a suitable path between the effective agglomeration of innovation factors and the upgrading of industrial structure.At present,with the acceleration of innovation and development of cutting-edge technologies such as information and communication technology,artificial intelligence and blockchain technology,a new geographical space of innovation activities is taking shape.The development of digital economy brings about technological changes,which not only improves the proportion of innovation factors with high permeability,high innovation and strong correlation,but also accelerates the flow of innovation factors.A new round of innovation revolution and reorganization of innovation factors triggered by digital economy will inevitably become an important factor affecting the agglomeration of innovation factors.Based on the spatial correlation characteristics and innovation advantages of the digital economy,the spatial agglomeration level of innovation factors is optimized,and the allocation of innovation factors is optimized and the efficiency of innovation is improved,which helps to improve the endogenous growth mode driven by technology under the agglomeration of innovation factors.Driven by the digital economy,the optimization of the spatial agglomeration level of a new round of innovation factors and the play of agglomeration advantages provide a new path for China to explore the path of industrial structure upgrading,which raises a series of concerns: Does the agglomeration of innovation factors caused by the restructuring and upgrading of factors in the digital economy lead to the improvement of agglomeration efficiency? Does the agglomeration of innovation factors driven by digital economy improve the level of industrial structure in China? With the continuous deepening of China’s high-quality economic development and the implementation of the innovative national strategy,how to seize the opportunity of the transformation of old and new driving forces from investment-driven to innovation-driven industrial development and the improvement of spatial agglomeration efficiency of innovation factors under the development pattern of slowing economic growth and continuous adjustment of innovation agglomeration form? It is necessary to take advantage of the digital economy to enhance efficiency of innovation factors agglomeration to enhance the innovation value chain,shape a new model of innovation-driven development,and realize the upgrading of industrial structure,which policy makers need to pay great attention to.Answering the above questions can provide empirical evidence and policy suggestions for promoting the improvement of industrial value chain and upgrading of regional industrial structure by relying on innovation factor agglomeration.Research ideas of this paper: Following the writing logic of "question raisingtheoretical analysis-empirical test-research conclusions and policy enlightenment",the paper conducts an investigation from the dual dimensions of theoretical analysis and empirical test,and comprehensively clarifies the influence mechanism of innovation factor agglomeration on industrial structure upgrading and the action mechanism of digital economy on innovation factor agglomeration.This paper not only discusses the impact of innovation factor agglomeration on the upgrading of industrial structure,but also focuses on the impact of the coordinated development of digital economy and innovation factor agglomeration on the upgrading of industrial structure.The research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)The mechanism analysis of the mechanism correlation of innovation factor agglomeration in the process of promoting industrial structure upgrading in the era of digital economy,focusing on how the digital economy enables the improvement of innovation factor agglomeration efficiency;(2)The impact of the specialization of innovation factors on the upgrading of industrial structure driven by the digital economy,focusing on the scientific issue of the positive relationship between the digital economy and the agglomeration of innovation factors and the upgrading of industrial structure;(3)The correlation mechanism of digital economy,comprehensive agglomeration of innovation factors and comprehensive upgrading of urban industrial structure;The paper focuses on the influence of innovation factors on the upgrading of industrial structure from the perspective of comprehensive agglomeration.(4)Based on the research on the impact of digital economy and innovation factor agglomeration on regional industrial structure upgrading from the perspective of collaborative development,the heterogeneous path and effect of the collaborative development level of digital economy and innovation factor agglomeration on regional industrial structure upgrading are mainly discussed.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Innovative human capital agglomeration,innovation capital agglomeration and technology agglomeration have nonlinear promoting effects on the quality and quantity of industrial structure upgrading,and the promotion of industrial structure upgrading presents an inverted Ushaped influence relationship under the technological spatial correlation.Digital economy has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between the concentration of innovation factors and the quantity and quality of industrial structure upgrading.From the perspective of influence mechanism,with the development of digital economy,the specialization of innovation factors play a synergistic role in promoting the amount of industrial structure upgrading by improving the innovation potential;The digital economy and the specialization of innovation factors play a synergistic role in promoting the quality of industrial structure upgrading by improving the allocation efficiency of innovation factors.From a regional perspective,the impact of the specialization of innovation factors driven by the digital economy on the upgrading of regional industrial structure shows a decreasing feature from east to west.(2)Taking into account the agglomeration quality and efficiency and the high-quality industrial development,the comprehensive evaluation index system for the improvement of industrial structure is constructed based on the comprehensive development perspective.The comprehensive agglomeration level of innovation factors is used to test the influence of the comprehensive agglomeration level of innovation factors in different cities on the improvement of industrial structure from different geographical layers and spatial dimensions of Chinese cities by using the empirical data.The industrial structure upgrading effect of innovation factors agglomeration driven by digital economy has the strongest effect in regions with high digital economy development level and large urban scale.From the perspective of urban agglomeration development,the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration has the strongest promoting effect on industrial structure upgrading driven by digital economy,while the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River urban agglomeration have the weaker promoting effect on industrial structure upgrading driven by digital economy.From the perspective of regional differences between East and West,the synergistic promotion effect of digital economy and the comprehensive concentration level of innovation factors on the upgrading of industrial structure decreases from east to west.From the perspective of spatial spillover,the agglomeration of digital economy and innovation factors has a positive spatial spillover effect on the upgrading of regional industrial structure with similar digital technology level due to the spatial correlation of digital technology.In large-scale cities and above,the positive spatial spillover effect of the comprehensive agglomeration of digital economy and innovation factors is the most significant,while the negative spillover effect is shown in medium-sized cities.In the eastern and central cities,the comprehensive agglomeration of digital economy and innovation factors has a positive spatial spillover effect on the upgrading of digital technology-related urban industrial structure,while in the western cities,the comprehensive agglomeration of digital economy and innovation factors has a negative spatial spillover effect on the upgrading of digital technology-related urban industrial structure.(3)In view of the mutual influence of the concentration of digital economy and innovation factors,the coupling and coordinated development of the two is an important source for the improvement of industrial structure.Based on the investigation of the coupling and coordinated development of the digital economy development and the comprehensive agglomeration of innovative factors,it is found that the improvement of the upgrading level of industrial structure depends on the development level of the digital economy.The coupling level of digital economy and innovation achievements makes the greatest contribution to the improvement of industrial structure.In the eastern and central regions,the coupling and coordinated development of digital economy and innovation achievements has the strongest contribution to the upgrading of industrial structure,which indicates that the eastern region has high innovation efficiency and rich achievements in factor innovation.The contribution of digital economy and innovation capital agglomeration coupled coordinated development level to the upgrading and upgrading of industrial structure is the strongest in western China,while the contribution of digital economy and innovation achievement agglomeration coupled coordinated development level to the upgrading and upgrading of industrial structure is the weakest,indicating that the development level of digital economy in central and western China is low,the innovation capability is also relatively low,and the spatial allocation level of innovation factors is relatively dispersed.It is not easy to form a development pattern between regions in which digital economy and innovation elements support each other and make collaborative innovation.Main contributions and innovations of this paper: This study not only reveals the mechanism and approach of innovation factor agglomeration to regional industrial structure upgrading under the development of digital economy,but also supplements and expands the interpretation of the mechanism and channel of industrial structure upgrading from the perspective of the coupling and coordination of digital economy and innovation factor agglomeration.It not only helps to understand and grasp the new model of innovation factor agglomeration from different perspectives of spatial innovation factor allocation and regional innovation factor agglomeration structure,but also helps to find appropriate policy system and mechanism design to improve the level of innovation factor agglomeration and regional innovation development,and is conducive to the deepening of China’s high-quality development strategy and the acceleration of digital economy’s integration of innovation factors.In order to explore a new path of industrial structure upgrading based on the development of regional digital economy and the spatial agglomeration of innovation factors as the driving source.Compared with previous studies,the main innovations of this study are as follows: First,this paper for the first time includes the interaction between digital economy,innovation factor agglomeration and industrial structure improvement into the same analytical framework,breaking out of the traditional agglomeration theory that emphasizes quantity and scale economy.It not only examines the change of agglomeration efficiency in the dynamic evolution of innovation factor agglomeration and diffusion from the perspective of digital economy development.This paper supplements and extends the explanation of the new agglomeration mechanism and channel of innovation factors,and provides a new explanation of the possible path of industrial structure upgrading from a new perspective of spatial efficiency of innovation factors agglomeration.Secondly,from the perspective of spatial spillover,this paper explores the spatial interaction law of innovation factor agglomeration driven by digital economy,as well as the spatial effect of innovation factor agglomeration driven by digital economy on industrial structure upgrading under spatial multidimensional heterogeneity,and seeks a feasible path to empower industrial structure upgrading with knowledge spillover effect of innovation factor agglomeration embedded in digital economy.Thirdly,this paper explores the relationship between innovation factor agglomeration and industrial structure upgrading from the perspective of coupled coordinated development level of regional digital economy and innovation factor agglomeration,and uses machine learning method to rank the contribution factors of comprehensive innovation factor agglomeration level and digital economy development level,and more truly reveals the role path of coordinated development of the two on industrial structure upgrading.