Research On Business Recovery Of Post-earthquake Reconstructed City

Located between the Circum-Pacific seismic belt zone and MediterraneanHimalayan seismic belt zone,China is one of the countries with the strongest seismic activity and the most serious earthquake disaster in the world.After more than four decades of urbanization,China has seen an increase in the size of its cities,a high concentration of population,and a complex and well-connected spatial structure,which is a major agglomeration of business.Business plays an important role in urban economic development and social stability by providing products,services,jobs,and tax revenues.Destructive earthquake will have a huge impact on business,causing business disruption and affecting the economic and social stability of the city.In order to promote post-earthquake business recovery,and ensure the economic-social recovery for the affected city,it is necessary to carry out the research on post-earthquake business recovery.In recent years,scholars have paid attention to the post-disaster business recovery.Business,but mainly focuses on the short-term recovery of post-disaster business or recovery at a certain point in time,with less attention to its long-term recovery,and even less research on post-earthquake reconstruction urban business recovery.This study researches on the business recovery of post-earthquake reconstructed city.Some methods have been used,such literature analysis,follow-up field investigation,questionnaire survey,GIS spatial analysis,logistics regression analysis,and comparative analysis.Firstly,it is construct the analysis framework of business recovery of post-earthquake reconstructed city through drawing on previous studies,which consists of five elements: time,space,retail format,operating status and influencing factors.Indicators and criteria to evaluate the business short-term and long-term recovery of post-earthquake reconstructed city are proposed.Secondly,based on the data of our questionnaire surveys,this study explores the key factors affecting the business recovery in post-earthquake reconstructed city by the logistic regression and literature analysis.According to the logistics analysis of the questionnaires,which were collected from New Beichuan City and Lushan City in 2017 and 2019,this study shows that a series of factors all have a significant impact on the business recovery of post-earthquake reconstructed city,including the post-earthquake reconstruction planning,age of shop owner,education of shop owner,owner’s disaster experience,number of employees,retail format,business location,average monthly sales revenue,post-disaster operating experience for business,days of shop closure,local business climates,money from friends and family,commercial loans,local and central government assistance,and NGOs’ assistance.Thirdly,based on the time-series data collected from 2014 to 2020,this study outlines the spatial distribution characteristics of business recovery o f post-earthquake reconstructed city: New Beichuan City and Lushan City.The findings are as follow: 1)In the sight of global spatial distribution,there is a positive spatial correlation between the short-term recovery and the long-term recovery,which changes with time.2)In the sight of local spatial distribution,the business recovery of post-earthquake reconstructed city has obvious unbalanced spatial aggregation characteristics,resulting in obvious differences of business recovery in different regions.3)The spatial distribution of different spatial cluster forms of business recovery in post-earthquake reconstructed city has moved over time,which is quite different between the short-term recovery and the long-term recovery.The spatial agglomeration of the high-high cluster of business long-term recovery has been gradually decreasing,and that of the low-low cluster has been gradually increasing,which results in the area of the poor business long-term recovery has grown with time.Fourthly,based on the business data collected by our follow-up survey,this study quantitatively analyzes the evolution of business recovery of post-earthquake reconstructed city from the perspective of time-space.Based on the analysis framework,this study analyzes the business recovery in New Beichuan City and Lushan City from2014 to 2020.It was found that: 1)In different post-earthquake reconstruction stage,different reconstructed cities have different market demands for different types of services and commodities,which leads to a change in the proportion of various retail formats.From the phase of earthquake occurrence to the phase of reconstruction,the construction is the format with the greatest change.At the stage of economic-social recovery,the proportions of catering and clothing have increased,and the formats of home furnishing and accommodation have maintained at a relatively stable level.2)The business short-term recovery of post-earthqueke reconstructed city has been at a relatively good level with time,but there exist some differences in different regions.The long-term recovey of business space,retail format and shop in post-earthquake reconstructed city has been getting worse.Businesses in different space have different degrees of short-term recovery,and have the same evolution trend of long-term recovery,although the degree of change in long-term recovery between different space is different.3)In the aspect of space,the shops with good and poor short-term recovery show a certain aggregation in their spatial distribution,and the aggregation shows a solidification trend over time.The spatial agglomeration of long-term business space recovery was still obvious in post-earthquake reconstructed city,but the spatial agglomentation of retail format and shop long-term recovery continued to decrease.Fifthly,from the perspective of time and space,this study puts forward some suggestions to promote business recovery of post-earthquake reconstructed city.From the perspective of time,business recovery was divided into the pre-disaster phase and the post-disaster phase.In the pre-disaster phase,the suggestions contain these four aspects: business recovery planning,purchasing disaster insurance,selecting a reasonable location and improving the seismic fortification level of buildings.In the post-disaster phase,the suggestions include the following points: speeding up the infrastructure restoration and reconstruction,accelerating the reconstruction and recovery of commercial premises,engaging in disaster reduction and recovery training,timely investment of recovery resource,reducing the rent,strengthening financial support,and helping disaster victims obtain employment.In the view of space,this study proposes to formulate differentiated recovery strategies,make the “limited-plan”for post-disaster reconstruction and recovery,strengthen the recovery of life and integrate reconstruction planning with reality.This study establishes the analysis framework,designs the evaluation indicators and criteria,analyzes the spatial characteristics and evolution,and identifies the key influencing factors of business recovery of post-earthquake reconstructed city.This study also puts forward suggestions to promote business recovery.The findings of this study have a contribution not only to some related theories,such as post-disaster business recovery theory,business spatial theory,but also to the guide for the business recovery management in post-disaster reconstructed city.