A Research On The Mechanism Of CEO’s Background Characteristics On Organizational And Employee Performance

According to the high-level theory,the gender,age,education background,experience,tenure and other background characteristics of executives will affect the cognitive basis,insight,personal preferences and values of individuals,and then affect the strategic choice,behavioral decision-making and management style of executives,and finally affect the performance of enterprises.Therefore,the high-level theory can explain and predict the impact of the background characteristics of senior executives on corporate performance.As an important leader and decision-maker in modern enterprise system,CEO’s personal characteristics and complex environment are important factors that affect the implementation of major decisions.Especially considering that the differences of CEO’s background,age,gender and education level will affect the individual’s management ability,cognitive ability,risk preference,decision-making ability,etc.,which will also have differences on the company’s management and decision-making results,and then have different effects on the company’s employee performance and organizational performance,which is the important starting point of this study.First of all,through combing and analyzing the previous research literature on CEO background characteristics,this paper puts forward the impact of key CEO background characteristics on organizational and employee performance.It can be found that although the research on the effect of CEO background characteristics on organizational performance has been carried out,the research on the effect of CEO background characteristics on employee performance is very few.In addition,what is the mechanism between CEO background characteristics and employee performance and organizational performance? What is the impact of CEO background characteristics on team effectiveness and team cohesion? What is the relationship between team effectiveness and team cohesion on organizational performance and employee performance? This is the content of this paper,and it is believed to be an important direction of future research.Based on the high-level theory and social capital theory,this study explores the influence of CEO background characteristics on organizational performance and employee performance,as well as the mediating effect of team effectiveness and team cohesion on organizational performance;combined with leadership theory,it explores the regulating effect of vision leadership on employee performance and organizational performance.On the basis of theoretical research,through research design,the questionnaire and items of this paper are determined,and data collection and data analysis are carried out.The data of this study is mainly aimed at middle and senior managers(including CEO)and employees of enterprises.Before data collection,the questionnaire items and text descriptions are considered in detail to ensure that there is no expression that is easy to lead to misunderstanding and semantic ambiguity of the research object,so that the research questionnaire prepared by this study can be understood by the research object.In fact,438 questionnaires(each including 7 sub questionnaires,the same below)were issued,and 346 valid questionnaires were recovered.Among the respondents,there were 105 senior managers,117 middle-level management team members,124 ordinary employees,and 99 CEOs of 99 enterprises.Based on the reliability and validity analysis of the sample data,this study draws the following conclusions:(1)the effect of CEO background on organizational performance.The relationship between CEO’s gender and education and organizational performance is uncertain,reflecting that no matter what gender or education,CEO has little impact on organizational performance.CEO’s age has a significant positive effect on organizational performance,and there is an inverted U-shaped quadratic relationship between CEO’s tenure and organizational performance.(2)the effect of CEO background characteristics on employee performance.Companies with female CEO have better employee performance than those with male CEO,female leaders have more affinity,pay more attention to emotional communication,and are good at adopting leadership methods such as identification,guidance and motivation.There is an inverted U-shaped quadratic relationship between CEO tenure and employee performance.Some CEOs with longer tenure can even have a potential and huge impact on members’ enthusiasm by influencing their inner motivation.There is no significant correlation between CEO age,education and employee performance.(3)team cohesion and team effectiveness play a strong intermediary role.The significance of CEO background characteristics to organizational performance has passed the 5% or 1% test,but after adding intermediary variables,only gender has passed the 5% test,age,education and tenure have not passed the test,and the standardization coefficient of CEO background characteristics is also lower than the model without intermediary variables.This shows that team effectiveness and team cohesion have a significant mediating effect on CEO gender,and have a full mediating effect on age,education and tenure.(4)vision leadership has significant moderating effect on team effectiveness,but has no moderating effect on team cohesion.Among the moderating effects of moderating variable vision leadership on team cohesion,the significance test of standardization coefficient failed to achieve the moderating effect.Finally,the corresponding research enlightenment is obtained.When selecting CEO,we should take age and education background into account,establish a set of personnel selection and employment mechanism suitable for the enterprise,and implement and improve it in practice;try to give more opportunities for women to upgrade to CEO;appropriately extend and control the tenure of CEO;pay attention to team building,so that it can become a real "combat" management team;more importantly Pay attention to the leadership and training of employees.