Intentions Of SMEs To Adopt Mobile,Digital And Sustainable Technologies:Empirical Research In Tonga

SMEs(Small-Medium Enterprises)frequently have inadequate resources for technological investments,but they have identical necessity to be effective and efficient in managing and allocating their capitals.Adopting technologies will help SMEs improve products and services,respond faster to consumers’ demands,and enhance “time-to-market”.However,research examining factors affecting the intention to adopt technologies among SMEs remain scarce.Thus,this paper has carried out three studies as follows:First,this paper analyzes the influential determinants of adoption intention of mobile technology(i.e.,mobile value‐added services-MVS)by SMEs in Tonga.A conceptual model composed of six hypotheses is developed to explain the relationship between the dependent variable and its independent variables,and an empirical test is conducted for the conceptual model and the six hypotheses in this study using SEM-PLS technique.Results confirm social support as the strongest influencing variable for users’ intent to adopt mobile technology.Second,this paper analyze factors influencing the adoption intention of blockchain technology in the supply chains of SMEs in Tonga,these factors include regulatory support,competitive pressure,cost,upper management support,complexity,and relative advantage.This paper develops a conceptual model to which consists of eight hypotheses,and tests the conceptual model and the eight hypotheses using SEM-PLS and the Artificial Neural Network method.Results verify that relative advantage,cost,complexity,and competitive pressure significantly affect the adoption intention of blockchain in the supply chains.Third,this paper analyzes the determinants of the adoption intention of sustainable technology among SMEs in Tonga.This paper develops a conceptual model which consists of eight hypotheses,and tests them using SEM-PLS and fsQCA method.Results display that government subsidies and policies significantly and positively affect firms’ morals and attitudes regarding sustainable-oriented technology(SOT)adoption.Also,perceived benefit and perceived cost significantly affect SOT adoption in Tongan SMEs.This paper’s contributions are as follows:First,this study is the first endeavour to explain MVS adoption intent by identifying three main factors that drive adoption intent: social support,perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness.Very limited works concentrated on mobile technology adoption among micro and small businesses,and relevant academic works do not use the same variables and research model,this paper provides sholars and practitioners with beneficial insights about influential determinants of adoption intention of MVS.Second,this paper is the first one to conduct such research in Tonga by analysing new paradigms using TOE model including variables such as relative advantage,cost,complexity,and competitive pressure.Relevant studies assessing the factors influencing adoption intention of blockchain among SMEs remains few,it is even fewer in terms of Pacific countries;in fact,Third,this paper is an initial effort to examine determining factors of SMEs’ intent to adopt SOT using the extended theory of reasoned action by adding new variables of governmental factors.