Entrepreneurial Learning And Its Influence On College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention

Entrepreneurial intention has a guiding effect on entrepreneurial behavior,and the main and vital force of innovation and entrepreneurship in a country is college students,therefore to improve students’ entrepreneurial intention and ability by entrepreneurship education is one of the most important mission for modern higher education.In China,however,the low entrepreneurial ratio,insufficient entrepreneurial ability,and high entrepreneurial failure rate of college graduates are prominent problems,the reason is that the relatively lagging development of entrepreneurship education in our country makes college students lack of effective entrepreneurial learning methods and restricts their entrepreneurial activities.Many studies have focused on the impact of entrepreneurship education on college students’ entrepreneurial intention,but few discussions from the perspective of their entrepreneurial learning,which is not conducive to grasp the law of entrepreneurial learning and development of college students.In view of this,the study focuses on how college students conduct entrepreneurial learning and how entrepreneurial learning affects their entrepreneurial intention,and discusses the impact of entrepreneurial learning on college students’ entrepreneurial intention and its mechanism,it is expected to provide inspiration for improving entrepreneurship education and promoting entrepreneurship learning and development of college students.Entrepreneurship learning in this paper refers to the process of acquiring,accumulating and applying entrepreneurial knowledge.Determine a suitable measurement scale for college students’ entrepreneurial learning to use in this study is the primary problem to be solved,in this regard,based on the experiential learning theory and the existing entrepreneurial learning scale,this paper combines the analysis of the materials obtained from in-depth interviews with college student entrepreneurs and divides the entrepreneurial learning of college students into four internally connected sub-dimensions,thus: entrepreneurial education participating,entrepreneurial network interacting,entrepreneurial experience reflecting,and entrepreneurial practice application;Then,based on the small-scale pre-survey data,methods such as project analysis,EFA,and CFA were used to construct a reliable and valid entrepreneurial learning scale,and a questionnaire for college students’ entrepreneurial learning was compiled,which provide measurement tools for the quantitative research of the study.Based on the systematically sorting out and integrating the theory and related researches,such as social learning theory,college influence theory and entrepreneurial intention,this research constructs a theoretical framework for the impact of entrepreneurial learning on college students’ entrepreneurial intention;In 2019,this study distributed supplementary questionnaires to senior students who participated in the "2016 National Assessment of Collegiate Capacity ",and collected 639 questionnaires from 59 colleges and universities across the country,which involved the entrepreneurship learning of college students during their school days;Hierarchical regression analysis,moderated mediation effect analysis and other methods were used for statistical analysis of the collected data.The empirical results show that:(1)Generally speaking,the participation of Chinese college students in entrepreneurial learning is low and their entrepreneurial intention is low;Among them,boys,college students whose parents are entrepreneurs,and college students who are not from "double first-class" universities have significantly higher entrepreneurial willingness than girls,college students whose parents are not entrepreneurs,and college students who are from "double first-class" universities.(2)Entrepreneurial learning of college student can positively predict their entrepreneurial willingness,and different entrepreneurial learning methods have different effects on their entrepreneurial intentions;These two entrepreneurship learning methods(entrepreneurial experience reflecting and entrepreneurial practice application)have the greatest effect on entrepreneurial intention,followed by the effect from the learning method of entrepreneurial education participating,the effect from the learning method of entrepreneurial network interacting is the least and insignificant.(3)Entrepreneurship learning mainly indirectly affect students’ entrepreneurial intention by increasing their entrepreneurial knowledge and entrepreneurial self-efficacy;Specifically,the method of entrepreneurship education participating and entrepreneurial experience reflecting can improve entrepreneurial willingness by accumulating students’ entrepreneurial knowledge firstly and then increasing their entrepreneurial self-efficacy;while the influence of the learning method of entrepreneurship network interacting and entrepreneurial practice application on students’ entrepreneurial willingness is mainly through increasing their entrepreneurial knowledge,or through improving their entrepreneurial self-efficacy,or through increasing their entrepreneurial knowledge firstly and then improving their entrepreneurial self-efficacy.(4)University entrepreneurship support can strengthen the indirect impact of the learning method of entrepreneurship education participating and entrepreneurial experience reflecting on entrepreneurial intention;the higher the level of university entrepreneurial support perceived by students,the greater the indirect impact of entrepreneurship education participating and entrepreneurial experience reflecting on students’ entrepreneurial intention,which through increasing their entrepreneurial knowledge and improving their entrepreneurial self-efficacy;otherwise,this effect will be weakened;However,the strengthening effect of university entrepreneurial support on the other two entrepreneurial learning methods(entrepreneurial network interacting and entrepreneurial practice application)on entrepreneurial intention is not obvious.The results of this research indicates that due to the availability of different entrepreneurship learning methods and the degree of student participation,and the students’ awareness and satisfaction with university entrepreneurship support,the different entrepreneurship learning methods have different effects on college students’ entrepreneurial ability(including entrepreneurial knowledge,entrepreneurial self-efficacy).Based on quantitative research,combined with social learning theory,entrepreneurial education theory and interviews with college student entrepreneurs,this thesis analyze the impact mechanism of students’ entrepreneurial learning on their entrepreneurial intention:(1)Observational learning mechanism,college students mainly conduct entrepreneurial learning by observing the entrepreneurial behavior and behavior results of role models,thereby affecting their entrepreneurial intention;This process includes the selective attention of college students to entrepreneurial role models,the transformation and memory of experience,the reproduction of simulated behaviors and the activation of entrepreneurial motivation.(2)Reinforcement mechanism,the observation of the entrepreneurial behavior of role models by college students also affects their subsequent entrepreneurial intentions through the effects of substitution reinforcement,direct reinforcement and self-reinforcement.(3)The ternary interaction mechanism,students’ entrepreneurial learning and the university entrepreneurial support jointly affect students’ entrepreneurial willingness,but only the university entrepreneurial support that perceived and actually used by students will play a greater role;Based on the above analysis,this paper extracts and summarizes the three characteristics of college students’ entrepreneurial learning compared with professional learning: experiential,comprehensive and social;Experiential emphasizes students’ autonomous participation and plays their role as learning subjects;Comprehensive refers to the object of college students’ entrepreneurial learning is comprehensive knowledge and ability;Social refers to students’ entrepreneurial learning exists in social interaction and through observation and construct students’ own entrepreneurial cognition system through dialogues.The universities’ entrepreneurial support should be in line with the characteristics of college students’ entrepreneurial learning to improve its effectiveness;This paper also puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improving the university’s support for college students’ entrepreneurial learning.