Research On Social Support For The Entity Reform Of Individual Sports Associations In China

After more than 30 years of entity reform of individual sports associations,they have fully entered the era of "decoupling",which marks the transition of individual sports associations from administrative sequence to social autonomy,and also forces the development mode of associations to shift from "government centered" to "society centered".However,in practice,under the policy pressure of separating politics from society,individual sports associations often fall into a "de administrative" relationship entanglement,fail to form effective interaction with diverse social entities,lose extensive social support,and it is difficult to rely on society to achieve independent survival.Therefore,this study jumps out of the single dimension of the relationship between associations and the government,shifting the research perspective to the systematic social environment in which the associations are located,and exploring the diverse social support required for entity reform.This is a pioneering measure and realistic choice to solve the dilemma of entity reform.And then,this study is based on the entity reform practice of individual sports associations in China,guided by the organizational open system theory,resource dependence theory,and social support theory,and comprehensively using methods such as literature research,field visits,qualitative research,mathematical statistics,and case analysis,focusing on the core topic of "social support for the entity reform of individual sports associations",and carrying out research work,as follows:(1)Establish the logical starting point of "why social support is needed for the entity reform of associations".Looking back at history,we will review the changes in individual sports associations’demands for social support during the process of entity reform.Based on the current situation,we will examine the generation of social support demands in the context of the difficulties of entity reform,and finally examine the current situation of social support received by individual sports associations.Over the past 30 years of entity reform,the demands of individual sports associations for social support have generally shown a changing trend from "single government support" to "multiple social support".Especially at present,in the face of the social survival dilemma after decoupling,associations urgently need open social support for network interaction,diversified social support for resource absorption and transformation,targeted social support for social power support,symbiotic social support led by social identity,and balanced social support for maintaining balanced relationships.However,the reality is that at the institutional level,social support lacks policy basis and policy foresight needs to be improved;At the subjective level,excessive reliance on government support results in weak support from other social entities;At the content level,the access to social support is not smooth,and the content system is not sound;At the formal level,the ties of social support are weak and there is a lack of solid cooperation mechanisms.(2)Clarify the logical mechanism of "how social support affects the entity reform of associations".On the one hand,build a social support model for the entity reform of China’s individual sports associations.It mainly uses the three-level coding technology of the procedural rooted theory to extract the theoretical model from the three dimensions of "social support","the key link of the entity reform" and "the presentation of the effect of the entity reform",and puts forward the research hypothesis.On the other hand,the social support model is tested.With the help of structural equation model,the hypothesis relationship path is verified,and the empirical research results are further analyzed and discussed.The study found that the social support for the entity reform of associations in China mainly stems from three key aspects:government support,member support,and commercial support.The entity reform means the acquisition of organizational capacity and autonomy of associations,which together lay the foundation for the realization of the effectiveness of associations.The three aspects of social support,namely,government support,member support,and business support,jointly affect the improvement of the association’ s organizational capacity and autonomy,and ultimately promote the realization of the organization’s goal of effectiveness.(3)Explore the practical inference of "the differentiated impact of social support on different types of associations".The "type of sports events" is introduced as the regulating variable to test the regulating effect and explore the differential effect of social support on Olympic and non-Olympic event associations.Then,we search for case evidence of"differentiated effects of social support" in practice,and propose improvement ideas for the social support methods in the case.① The effect of government support on improving the organizational capacity of Olympic event associations is greater than non-Olympic event associations,and there is no significant difference in improving the autonomy of different types of associations.The practical investigation found that the government support of the Olympic event Association focuses on "direct technical assistance",and the socialization transformation of support methods should be promoted in the future;The government support of non-Olympic event associations focuses on "purchase service cultivation",and in the future,attention should be paid to improving the cultivation effect of government purchasing services.② The effect of member support on improving the organizational capacity of different types of associations is not significant,and the effect on improving the autonomy of Olympic event associations is greater than that of non-Olympic event associations.The practical investigation found that the member support of the Olympic event Association focuses on"cooperate with the association’s actions",and in the future,it should focus on achieving mutually beneficial cooperation between members and the association in the task of preparing for competition;Member support for non-Olympic event associations focuses on "participate in association governance",and in the future,it is necessary to promote a deep interest connection between members and associations.③Commercial support has a greater impact on the organizational capacity of Olympic event associations than non-Olympic event associations,and also has a greater impact on the autonomy of Olympic event associations than non-Olympic event associations.The practical investigation found that the commercial support of the Olympic event Association focuses on "diversified market development",and in the future,it should further promote the market development of the association’s dominant competitive sports elements;The commercial support of non-Olympic event associations focuses on "shallow commercial cooperation".In the future,the associations should be actively guided to implement a commercial operation model and seek external commercial cooperation.(4)Propose a practical plan for "how to achieve precise social support through the entity reform of associations".Based on the improvement ideas proposed in the case analysis for social support practices,a precise social support plan for the entity reform of individual sports associations has been formed.Design following precise support plans for the Olympic event associations:firstly,in the dimension of government support,encourage the government to adopt a socialized approach to support the Olympic event associations;Secondly,in the dimension of member support,rely on member networks to innovate a new organizational model for Olympic preparedness;Thirdly,in the dimension of commercial support,promote the integration of Olympic event associations into the market-oriented development of sports elements.Design following precise support plans for the non-Olympic event associations:firstly,in the dimension of government support,establish a normalized mechanism for the government to cultivate non-Olympic event associations;Secondly,in the dimension of member support,strengthen the interest connection between non-Olympic event associations and members;Thirdly,in the dimension of business support,guide non-Olympic event associations to gradually introduce a business operation model.The main innovations of this paper are as follows:(1)In terms of academic thinking,the focus on the entity reform of individual sports associations has shifted from a "single dimensional perspective" to a "systematic perspective".Following the thinking of "paying attention to the organization from outside the organization",this study turns its perspective to the systematic social environment of individual sports associations.Then,uses a paradigm that combines theory and practice to examine the external interaction process of individual sports associations,and explore the social support conditions required for the entity reform of associations.(2)In terms of academic viewpoints,this study proposes an innovative viewpoint that the entity reform of associations requires diversified societies support.The process of individual sports associations changing from administrative sequence to social autonomy is not entirely determined by the government,but is jointly influenced by systematic "multi social factors".Therefore,perfect social support is a necessary prerequisite for individual sports associations to achieve autonomous survival without administrative sequence.(3)In terms of research content,this study reveals the internal relationship between social support and the entity reform of individual sports associations.This paper summarizes the content composition of social support from the three dimensions of government,membership,and commerce,and takes into account the organizational capacity and autonomy factors contained in the entity reform.It constructs a social support model for the entity reform of individual sports associations,thereby revealing the internal logical relationship between social support and the entity reform of individual sports associations.(4)In terms of research content,this study explores the differential impact of social support on different types of associations.Taking into account the Chinese context of sports development,this study discusses the social support of Olympic and non-Olympic event associations.Then,uses empirical test as support,analyzes the differentiated effects of social support on different types of associations,and uses case study as support,summarizes the practical methods of social support for different types of associations,ultimately form comparative mutual evidence between "empirical results-case evidence".