How Is Consensus Reached In Rural Consultation And Deliberation

The focus of state governance is at the grassroots level,and the focus at the grassroots level is in the countryside.As the foundation link for advancing consultative democracy at the grassroots level,the effective degree of its governance is directly related to our economic and social development,and relates to the modernization process of national governance.But as the basic unit of social governance,rural consultation constitutes an important part of the grassroots consultation,the development of rural consultation practice constitutes our grassroots governance system and the modern sense of governance ability.Consultative governance is an important way to realize the transformation of rural governance mode,providing rural residents with ways and methods to express their demands and participate in public affairs.As a result,the implementation of consultative governance tasks and objectives has become an unavoidable issue.In theory,as a way of innovation of the rural governance,the theory of deliberative democracy is embedded to change the way of rural governance provides alternatives to negotiate the specific practice in the rural field operation involves the rural social capital cultivation,the integration of public resources,and integration of the existing rural governance system,It is related to the modernization of the governance capacity of the grassroots governance system and the realization of rural revitalization.It is of great significance to study the consultation and discussion of rural governance to fully activate the vitality of rural autonomy and adjust the governance mode of grassroots political power.In this paper,based on the theory of governance theory,deliberative democracy theory,structure-process model as the analysis tool,through the practice of rural governance consultation in-depth research,trying to build based on the perspective of rural governance structure-process of the analysis framework of negotiation to negotiate the field operation of the specific analysis in the countryside.On the one hand,the theory is used to guide the practice and improve the practice;on the other hand,the practice is used to test the theory and analyze its applicability in the rural field of China.From the perspective of practice,since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,consultative practices have been surging,and innovation in rural consultative governance has been one after another.and certain achievements have been made.The practice of rural consultation,as a useful attempt to realize the modernization of rural governance system and governance capacity,has deepened our understanding of the law of grassroots governance and promoted the transformation of rural field governance mode.However,we can see that the practical activities of consultation and discussion in the rural field are not all satisfactory results,the demands of consultation subjects are not all fully expressed,and the preferences are not all orderly aggregation.Therefore,following the structure process analysis paradigm,based on typical cases at the grassroots level and through the method of multi case comparison,this study focuses on the question of negotiation structure and how does the interaction of negotiation process lead to consensus?Further,at the typological level,we can measure the impact of different combinations of negotiation structure,negotiation process effectiveness,stability,integration,and interaction on the negotiation results,and how do they affect the achievement of consensus and then the effectiveness of negotiation?This is of immediate and practical significance at present,as it can provide reference for the nationwide village consultation experiment and help rural revitalization.This paper mainly includes nine parts.The first part is the introduction,which firstly puts forward the research problems of this paper and the important value and significance of the research problems.On the basis of literature review at home and abroad,it is found that there is still room for research on the negotiation and discussion of rural governance.The research method of this paper is clarified,and the possible innovation and deficiency of this paper are pointed out.The second part is the first chapter.This chapter explains the core concepts involved in the consultation and discussion of rural governance,and systematically discusses the relevant theoretical basis of the research.The third part is the second chapter,which emphasizes the important value of the structure-process theory on the basis of the existing research and interpretation of the structure-process theory.At the same time,through the analysis of the negotiation structure and negotiation process,it points out that the stability level,integration degree and interaction degree are the important dimensions to measure its effectiveness,and on this basis,the analysis framework of this paper is established.The fourth part is the third chapter,which mainly introduces the case background,investigation process and case analysis method of J,Q,C and R villages in Z County of H province,so as to lay the background foundation for the following case analysis.The fifth,sixth,seventh and eighth parts correspond to chapters four,five,six and seven respectively.Through empirical studies of multiple cases of consultation and discussion in rural governance,Explore the stable level,the degree of integration,the interaction degree different combination types namely low stability and high low interaction,high stability and low high interaction,low stability and low interaction,high stability high high under the interaction of the structure,the club of consultation,and further analyze the different combination types of negotiation results.The last part is the eighth chapter.Based on the comparison of the four cases of villages J,Q,C and R,it further explains that the factors affecting the differences of the four villages’ consultation are mainly structural factors and process factors,specifically,the ability of village cadres,social capital,the subjectivity of villagers,the relationship between rural elites and the density of resource dependence of villages and towns.The conclusion reiterates that the structure and process in the practice of consultation procedures affect the reaching of consultation consensus,and the different combination types of the structure,the stability level of the effectiveness of consultation procedures,the degree of integration and the degree of interaction also have an important impact on the reaching of consultation consensus.On the basis of analyzing the difficulties of the four villages’ consultation and discussion in different degrees,this study looks forward to the future consultation and discussion practice should make efforts in the guidance of party construction,the improvement of consultation procedures,the cultivation of public spirit,the cultivation of villagers’subjectivity and so on.