Evolution Of Latin America’s Pan-Americanism

This thesis studies the cultural characteristics of Latina America under the perspective of international relations,mainly focusing on the evolution of PanAmericanism—a particular form of international cooperation in the Americas.PanAmericanism was first used in the United States to seek collaborations with Latin American countries but had later been perverted as a tool of hegemony towards Latin America.By skillfully transforming the connotation of Bolivar’s continental unionism of Latin America during its national liberation,the United States had developed its own Pan-Americansim.However,during the Cold War,the idea of Pan-Latin Americanism appeared,which seek for internal cooperation within Latin America and was deeprooted in the essence of Bolivar’s thought.Despite their differences,all these three thoughts mentioned above have their common concerns in regional international cooperation.Therefore,this thesis focusing on inquiring about the preference for international cooperation of Pan-Americanism.Meanwhile,the thoughts of international collaboration within the Latin American region will be collectively referred to as "Pan-Americanism" in the following content,with further studies and analysis of its development on this basis.Generally speaking,such thought contains two contradictory sides;one comes from the hegemonic idea of the United States in controlling Latin America;the other comes from Latin American countries,which manifests as pro-Americanism and anti-Americanism.The research will be carried out at national,regional,and international levels,using three variables 一 namely regional consciousness,system pressure,and cultural conservativeness—to illustrate changes of Pan-Americanism in this region.Such analysis could also help to elucidate those emblematic practices that happened at each stage.In addition,this thesis divides the evolution of Pan-Americanism into four stages by chronological order,i.e.,Pan-Americanism at the pre-stage,Pan-Americanism led by the United States,Pan-Americanism during the Cold War and contemporary PanAmericanism.Through collating and analyzing the past 200 years of Latin America’s development,the evolution of these international political thoughts is also clarified.It argues that the growth of Latin America’s Pan-Americanism is motivated by the emergence of regional consciousness and has been demonstrated most significantly in its cultural structure of systemic interaction.Meanwhile,through embracing the outside world,its culture’s openness has also facilitated the evolution at multiple levels and channels.Moreover,the American’s cultural change has also made remarkable contributions.According to the analysis,this thesis points out three cultural characteristics in the growth of Latin America’s Pan-Americanism thoughts:the lowlevel participation of local indigenous culture;the mixture of different cultural perceptions;and incompleteness in their regional cooperation practices.On this basis,it also conceives Latin America’s prospects under the impacts of Pan-Americanism to give suggestions for introducing the OBOR Initiative to Latin America and the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind between China and Latin America.This thesis pursues an inductive research path,focusing on international,regional,and national level,and can be considered a re-understanding of Latin America’s development.It also contributes to improving the knowledge of regional and international studies by promoting China’s cultural understanding of Latin America.