| With the city’s development,the discussion on the integrated development of transportation and land use is enduring,and the theory and practice of the integrated development of urban rail transit and underground public space have gradually emerged.Under the dual promotion of transportation power and stock optimization,the urban central area has steadily formed the new three-dimensional development combined with underground public space,urban rail transit,and "underground city".Scientific and rational integrated development promotes the dual benefits of urban rail transit and underground public space.However,the relevant theories and practices in developed countries represented by Japan are relatively mature,while it seriously restricts the sustainable development of Chinese urban central areas.Due to the characteristics of rugged construction,high cost and irreversibility of underground space,the integration of underground public space and rail transit in urban central areas is a complex development behaviour involving multiple disciplines,multiple subjects,multiple processes and multiple sequences.How to identify the development status,matching degree and development prospects of underground public space and rail transit construction in the central area of the city,explore the integrated development law,coupling law and interaction mechanism,and classify the integrated development of underground public space and rail transit,become the main breakthrough point for the coordinated development of underground public space and rail transit in district space.Based on epistemology and methodology,this research follows the research flow,problem discovery,building theory,status judging,mechanism analysis,optimized regulation,guarantee measures and adopts an interdisciplinary perspective to construct the basic theory of integrated development.In terms of current situation research and judgment,by building an index system to measure the level of integrated development,we can understand the current pattern and threshold law of the integrated development of the central area.By constructing the coupling coordination degree model of the element set,we can see the integration coupling coordination level of the sample urban centre area and understand the current spatiotemporal characteristics of the planning and construction of the bi-systems in the urban centre area in my country.In terms of mechanism analysis,grey relational theory is used to identify the key elements to promote the integrated,coupled and coordinated development of the sample city centre area,and the interaction relationship at the element level is tested through the coupling coordination model and the least-squares method.The influence of the two-element sets of transportation on the integrated coupling is analyzed in detail;the mutual influence mechanism of the integrated development is constructed.In terms of optimal regulation and safeguard measures,corresponding coupling optimization regulation strategies are proposed from the integrated development pattern and coupling coordination model,respectively.The layout and accessibility of public space improve the service level and efficiency of urban rail transit so as to promote the coordinated development of underground public space and rail transit in the central area of the city;and proposes an implementation mechanism to promote integrated development,which provides theoretical guidance and method support for the realization of scientific development.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)The integrated development level of underground public space and rail transit in the city’s central area is very different.Shanghai,Beijing,Shenzhen,and Guangzhou are the top cities in the measurement results of the integrated development level of underground public space and rail transit in the city’s central area.The maximum value is 0.6384.Although,the corresponding integrated development level is "good",and there is no integrated development in the urban central area with an "excellent" level,the overall development level of the integration of underground public space and rail transit in the urban central area is not high;only 11 sample cities have an integrated development level of underground public space and rail transit in the central area of "moderate" or above,accounting for 30.6%.Today,most urban new city centres are under construction one after another.According to the author’s estimation,in the next 5 to 10 years,with the gradual completion of projects under construction,the integrated development level of underground public space and rail transit in urban central areas will continue to improve.(2)Summarize 8 types of integrated development patterns and clarify the indicator threshold values of integrated development.Based on the distribution of the indicators of the integrated development level,the integrated development pattern of underground public space and rail transit in the central area of the sample cities is summarized: strong energy,high capacity and high uniformity,strong energy,high capacity and low uniformity,strong energy,low capacity and high uniformity,strong energy and low capacity and high uniformity.There are 8 types of modes:low-capacity low-average type,weak-energy high-capacity high-uniform type,weak-energy high-capacity low-average type,weak-energy low-capacity high-average type,and weak-energy low-capacity low-average type.The threshold law suitable for the development of the integration of underground public space and rail transit in the central area of the city is proposed as follows: the reference value of the threshold value of the criterion layer is 0.2061 for the development of urban rail transit,0.2904 for urban development,0.3971 for the development of urban underground space,0.2313 for the development of urban central area,and 0.2438 for urban centre development.District development is 0.2438;the index threshold for the integrated development of underground public space and rail transit in the urban centre is0.2817.(3)Analyze the coupling and coordination law of the integration of underground public space and rail transit in the city’s central area.It is concluded that the proportions of severe coupling imbalance,mild coupling imbalance,prior coupling coordination,moderate coupling coordination,and high coupling coordination in the integrated coupling coordination model in the sample city centre are 5.6%,19.4%,27.6%,19.4%,and 19.4%,respectively.Among them,the urban centre areas below the primary coupling coordination are all rail transit lag types,which indicates that the lag in the development of urban rail transit affects the coupling coordination degree in the early stage.In general,there are 27 cities with the above coupling coordination,accounting for more than 75%,and the coupling coordination level of the sample cities is generally good.The time series analysis based on the central area of Xinjiekou in Nanjing shows that all indexes have improved,and only the coupling degree has declined after 2019.In the integrated development of underground public space and rail transit in the urban centre from space increment to equal emphasis on quality,the coupling coordination degree does not increase linearly.Still,the coupling coordination degree shows an increasing trend in the long run.(4)Analyze the mechanism of the integration of underground public space and rail transit in the city’s central area.Only the coupling coordination degree of morphological elements is inversely proportional to the overall coupling coordination degree.The correlation coefficients between the underground public space element set U,and the urban rail transit element set R and the coupling coordination degree in the city’s central area are 0.642 and 0.823,respectively.The analysis of the coupling effect of the element set on the integration shows that the interaction between the two is the scale-oriented effect and the strength-promoting effect within a limited scale,as well as guiding role for the annual average daily passenger flow and rail transit station accessibility in promoting the development of underground public space.(5)Propose an integrated coupling optimization method and implementation mechanism.From the perspective of underground public space in the urban central area,it is proposed to optimize the layout of land use and underground public space in the urban central area and optimize the accessibility of underground public space;from the perspective of urban rail transit,it proposes to optimize rail transit service levels and benefits.And offered an integrated level improvement path based on multi-objective optimization.The corresponding list of coupling optimization control strategies is presented from the integrated development pattern and coupling coordination model.Finally,the implementation mechanism of optimal regulation is summarized from the perspectives of laws and regulations,space design,policy incentives,comprehensive management,personnel training,and public participation. |
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