A Study Of Agricultural Ecological Security Production Behaviors Of Grain Growers

From 2004 to 2015,China’s grain output increased for the 12 th consecutive year,and from2004 to 2022,grain output in Northeast China increased for the 19 th consecutive year.China’s grain production has made remarkable achievements in the world.However,behind the achievement,also paid a huge ecological price.The cultivated land polluted by heavy metals,salinized and alkaline,and polluted by sewage are 20 million hectares,6.24 million and 2.16 million hectares,respectively.The contradiction between grain production and agricultural ecological security is increasingly acute.The 18 th,19th and 20 th CPC National Congresses and the No.1 Document of the CPC Central Committee in successive years have all focused on agricultural ecological security and green agricultural development.Although the state has introduced various policies and laws and regulations to improve the level of agricultural ecological security,but the real impact of agricultural ecological security is the production behavior of the majority of farmers.At present,Chinese farmers are old,low level of education,conservative thinking,strong sense of smallholder,coupled with the negative externality of agricultural pollution and the information asymmetry in agricultural input market and agricultural product market,the implementation level of agricultural ecological security production behaviors needs to be improved.Therefore,it is an inevitable trend and urgent demand to change the production mode of grain growers,popularize and enhance the agricultural ecological security production behaviors to maintain agricultural ecological security and promote agricultural development.So,what are the current agricultural ecological security production behaviors of grain growers? Are the ecological effects significant? What are the Influencing factors and mechanisms of agricultural ecological security production behavioral recognition behavioral intention and behavior of grain growers? How to optimize the policy to encourage grain growers to change their production methods and improve the implementation level of agricultural ecological security production behaviors? These are exactly the problems to be solved in this study.Based on ecological economic theory,farmer behavior theory,game theory,cognitive theory,and technology acceptance and use integration theory,this study takes 780 grain growers in 39 counties(or county-level city)of Jilin Province as the research object,and takes "posing problems → analyzing problems → solving problems" as the basic idea to define agricultural ecological security production behaviors and analyze its ecological effects,And analyze the Influencing factors and mechanisms of agricultural ecological security production behavioral recognition,behavioral intention,and behavior of grain growers in Jilin Province,and finally propose policy optimization suggestions.The research content can be summarized into three major parts.Part 1: Construct an ecological effect theoretical model for the agricultural ecological security production behaviors of grain growers.Taking sample data from Jilin Province as an example,use a multiple linear regression model(MRL)to conduct empirical research,measure and analyze its ecological effects,and statistically describe the implementation status of agricultural ecological security production behaviors.Part 2:Construct three theoretical models for behavioral recognition,behavioral intention,and behavior Influencing factors and influencing mechanisms of agricultural ecological security production behaviors among grain growers.Taking sample data from Jilin Province as an example,use multiple ordered logistic models to explore the Influencing factors and mechanisms of agricultural ecological security production behavioral recognition;Using the improved UTAUT-2 model and structural equation(SEM)model,explore the Influencing factors and mechanisms of behavioral intention;Continue to use the improved UTAUT-2model and Structural Equation Model(SEM)to explore the Influencing factors and mechanisms of behavior.Part 3: Construct a policy optimization model to optimize current policies.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The 9 current agricultural ecological security production behaviors of grain growers in Jilin Province have significant ecological effects.The regression results of multiple linear regression model(MRL)show that: the use behavior of organic fertilizer,the use behavior of soil testing formula fertilization,the use behavior of green non-toxic herbicide,the use behavior of green non-toxic insect repellent,the use behavior of green degradable agricultural film,the harmless treatment behavior of traditional agricultural film,the harmless treatment behavior of means of production packaging The harmless treatment behavior of agricultural wastewater and the harmless treatment behavior of straw have a significant positive impact on the agricultural ecological security of Jilin Province,playing an effective protective role in agricultural ecological resources and environment,and have obvious ecological effects.Popularizing and improving the agricultural ecological security production behaviors is the need of the times and the trend of agricultural development.(2)The implementation of agricultural ecological security production behaviors of grain growers in Jilin Province is not optimistic.The survey data from 780 grain growers in Jilin Province showed that the implementation situation was not optimistic,mainly reflected in the small number of farmers using agricultural ecological security production behaviors alone or in combination,accounting for a low proportion.It is imperative to popularize and promote agricultural ecological security production behavior.(3)The implementation of agricultural ecological security production behaviors of grain growers in Jilin Province is the result of various influencing factors acting layer by layer with multiple chain structure.The basic information of growers(age of head of growers,family endowment and planting status)influenced the connotative recognition and denotative recognition of agricultural ecological security production behaviors;Denotative recognition influences behavioral intention by influencing behavioral attitude;Behavioral intention influences behavior;National policy,as the promotion condition,influences both their behavioral intention and their behavior.(4)The overall recognition level of agricultural ecological security production behaviors of grain growers in Jilin Province is not high,and the gender,age,education level and annual part-time income of the head of growers are the important factors influencing the recognition level.Both connotative recognition and denotative recognition are at a passing level and need to be strengthened and improved.Multiple Logistic model regression results show that the gender of the head of the growers,the age of the head of the growers,the educational level of the head of the growers and the annual part-time income have significant influences on the connotative recognition and denotative recognition at the same time(among which the gender of the head of the growers and the age of the head of the growers have significant negative influences),and are important factors influencing the recognition level.This fully proves that gender imbalance,population aging,low education level,low annual part-time income and other facts of grain growers in Jilin Province have direct and significant causal relationship with their recognition level of agricultural ecological security production behaviors,which limits the improvement of recognition level to a certain extent.The results of heterogeneity analysis showed that the age of head of growers had a significant negative influence on the connotative recognition level of agricultural ecological security production behaviors of rice growers,but had no significant negative influence on corn growers.Grain planting income had a significant positive influence on the denotative recognition level of agricultural ecological security production behaviors of rice growers,but had no significant positive influence on corn growers.(5)The behavioral intention level of grain growers in agricultural ecological security production behaviors is above the medium level in Jilin Province,and there is still a lot of room for improvement.The denotative recognition and national policy are the important influencing factors.The running structure of structural equation model(SEM)is shown: From the perspective of influencing factors of behavioral intention,performance expectation,effort expectation,social influence,price value and risk perception in the denotative recognition have significant influence on their behavioral attitude(among which risk perception has significant negative influence),and are important influencing factors of their behavioral attitude,while responsibility perception fails to have significant positive influence on their behavioral attitude.Both behavioral attitudes and national policies have significant positive influences on their behavioral intentions.The results of heterogeneity analysis showed that gender,age,education level,training experience and crop varieties had moderating influences on the above influence paths.In particular,the results of heterogeneity analysis show that for growers in the low education group,their responsibility perception level is lower than that in the high education group,and their responsibility perception has no significant positive influence on their behavioral attitudes.For growers in the highly education group,their responsibility perception is higher than that in the low education group,and the responsibility perception has a significant positive influence on their behavioral attitude.Heterogeneity analysis proves the universal existence of responsibility perception in the group of highly education growers,which to some extent corrects the hypothesis and prejudice of "selfishness,self-interest and simple pursuit of profit maximization" in mainstream economics.(6)The behavior of agricultural ecological security production behaviors of grain growers in Jilin Province is above the medium level,and there is still a great room for improvement.Behavioral intention and national policies are important influencing factors.From the perspective of influencing factors of agricultural ecological security production behaviors behavior of grain growers in Jilin Province,behavioral intention has a significant positive influence on their behavior,which proves that behavioral intention promotes behavior.Among the national policies,agricultural production subsidy policy,grain purchase policy,public service policy and punishment management policy also had a significant positive influence on their behavior,indicating that the above policies effectively improved the level of agricultural ecological security production behavior of grain farmers.Land policy had no significant positive influence on their behavior.The results of heterogeneity analysis showed that the positive stimulation influence of grain purchase policy on agricultural ecological security production behaviors behavior of rice growers was more obvious than that of corn growers.