| Under the severe background that the global climate is facing multiple crises,the Low-carbon economy model of low energy consumption and low emissions emerged at the historic moment,and gradually became the development direction of the world economy.China’s oil and gas industry is an important component of the national economy,responsible for providing clean energy to society.Studying the factors affecting carbon emissions and related low-carbon development paths of China’s oil and gas industry is of great significance for achieving China’s carbon peak by 2030,carbon neutrality goals by 2060,and low-carbon emission reduction and high-quality development of China’s oil and gas industry.On the basis of reviewing research results on carbon emissions and low-carbon development both domestically and internationally,further clarify and explain the concepts related to low-carbon development,and outline the relevant theories followed in the paper.Elaborated on the low-carbon development mechanism of China’s oil and gas industry:Among the factors or forces driving the transformation from low-carbon oil and gas industry to low-carbon oil and gas industry,the internal forces are energy efficiency,energy structure optimization,and technological innovation,while the external forces are environmental regulations,economic development,and population growth.Through statistical analysis of historical data on the production and consumption of China’s oil and gas industry,the current situation and development trend of China’s oil and gas industry production and consumption are analyzed.It is believed that although China’s oil production has been increasing year by year,it still cannot meet domestic demand and needs to be supplemented by imports;The production and consumption of natural gas are also constantly increasing,but the proportion of natural gas in the energy structure is not large enough,and there is still a lot of room for improvement.Analyzing the direct and indirect sources of greenhouse gas emissions from the oil and gas industry,and using the conversion coefficient between energy consumption and carbon emissions,calculating the carbon emissions level of China’s oil and gas industry from 2004 to 2020,it was found that the carbon emissions from petroleum processing,coking,and nuclear fuel processing industries accounted for the vast majority of the carbon emissions of the entire oil and gas industry.Using the LMDI factorization method,the influencing factors of carbon emissions from China’s oil and gas industry are decomposed into population size effect,economic development effect,energy consumption intensity effect,energy structure intensity effect,and carbon emission intensity effect.Based on data related to carbon emissions from energy consumption in the oil and gas industry,the contribution values of relevant influencing factors are calculated.The analysis results show that in the carbon emissions of China’s oil and gas industry from 2004 to 2020,the economic development effect and population size effect are positive effects,driving the overall effect;The carbon emission intensity effect and energy consumption structure effect hover between positive and negative effects,but the overall carbon emission intensity effect is mainly positive pulling effect,while the energy consumption structure effect is mainly negative pulling effect.The energy consumption intensity effect is the most important reduction effect,while the economic development effect is the most important incremental effect.A comprehensive evaluation index system covering 13 observation indicators from 2004 to 2020,covering four dimensions of energy structure,carbon emission control,energy efficiency,and oil and gas industry output,was constructed.Factor analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the low-carbon development of China’s oil and gas industry;Divide the low-carbon development trend of China’s oil and gas industry from 2004 to 2020 into four stages: the initial stage(2004-2008),the turning stage(2008-2009),the rapid improvement stage(2009-2010),and the wave like development stage(after 2010);The comprehensive scores of low-carbon development in the upstream(oil and gas extraction industry)and downstream(oil processing,coking,and nuclear fuel processing industry)of the oil and gas industry were calculated and compared and analyzed;The conclusion is drawn that the comprehensive level of low-carbon development in China’s oil and gas industry,as well as in the upstream and downstream of China’s oil and gas industry,is fluctuating towards positive development but still at a relatively low level.On the basis of the above analysis,based on policies related to low-carbon development and drawing on the experience and inspiration of foreign low-carbon development,a low-carbon development path for China’s oil and gas industry is proposed: under the premise of strict compliance with environmental laws and regulations and serious implementation of environmental rules and regulations,starting from reducing carbon emission intensity,optimizing energy consumption structure,and improving energy utilization efficiency,exploring the creation of a modern low-carbon energy system Establishing a low-carbon development cluster in the oil and gas industry chain,promoting low-carbon technology and management innovation,and creating a low-carbon business model are four aspects of low-carbon development and upgrading paths.In particular,the development path of "establishing a low-carbon development cluster in the oil and gas industry chain" has been proposed.The main content is to actively promote the accelerated development of the oil and gas industry,and one important direction is to strengthen the vertical industrial chain of the oil and gas industry,Turning to optimizing the horizontal industrial chain of oil and gas resource services,while exploring and promoting the construction of a three-dimensional industrial chain of oil,gas,heat,electricity,and hydrogen,further promoting the low-carbon and high-quality development of China’s oil and gas industry. |
PDF Full Text Request