Study On The Formation Mechanism And Performance Of Green Production Behavior Of Small And Medium-Sized Hog Farmers

With the national economy and society entering a high-quality development stage,animal husbandry objectively also needs high-quality development.Hog breeding industry plays a positive role in promoting national economic growth,ensuring national material needs,improving people’s happiness index,etc.,but there are practical problems such as extensive development mode and ineffective pollution control,which urgently need green development.Farmers are the specific implementers of the green development of industry,and also the main body to ensure the green development of agriculture.Although the hog breeding industry in China has developed rapidly on a large scale,small and medium-sized hog farms and retail investors still account for a large proportion.Whether small and medium-sized farmers can implement green production behavior is the key to the green development of the industry.However,the existing research has not given a good answer to what is green production behavior,what is the formation mechanism of farmers’ green production behavior,what factors affect it,and how the behavior effect is.The purpose of this paper is to explore the formation mechanism and performance of green production behavior of small and medium-sized hog farmers,and to provide decision-making reference for management departments to encourage small and medium-sized hog farmers to actively choose and actively implement green production behavior.The main contents and views are as follows:Define the connotation of green production behavior of hog farmers.The hog breeding process is divided into raw material input,process management,waste disposal and other processes.According to the hazard and critical control point analysis(HACCP)method,it is considered that the green production behavior of hog farmers is to apply green production technology or mode,and use safe and high-quality feed medicine as much as possible in the whole process of hog breeding,as well as the whole process of standardization,A series of behaviors to minimize environmental damage and increase added value.Based on this,the specific behaviors of hog farmers in green production are proposed,including the safety of input use,pure purification of epidemic prevention and control,standardization of farm management,and recycling of waste disposal.Investigate and summarize the current situation of production behavior of small and medium-sized hog farmers.According to the questionnaire data,taking the small and medium-sized hog breeding in Henan Province as the research object,this paper makes a descriptive analysis of the current situation of its green production behavior.It is believed that small and medium-sized hog farmers have a high awareness of green breeding inputs,but the utilization rate of biological feed and biomedicine is relatively low;Great importance has been attached to disease prevention and control,and biosafety prevention and control has been strengthened,but the construction of hardware facilities such as the planning,layout and transformation of hog houses lags behind;The production records are relatively complete and the management is increasingly standardized,but the overall certification rate of green products is low,and the degree of standardization needs to be further improved;Dead hogs,feces and other wastes have been effectively treated,but the combination of planting and breeding and sewage treatment need to be further strengthened.Analyze the formation mechanism of green production behavior of small and medium-sized hog farmers.First of all,based on prospect theory,an analytical framework of "factor process behavior performance" for behavioral decision-making is proposed.This framework includes stakeholders,resource capabilities and other elements,which is superior to the "stimulus motivation behavior" analytical framework of behavioral psychology.Secondly,it analyzes the driving factors of green production behavior of hog farmers,including external government policies,community culture,market demand,technological changes,as well as internal cognition,awareness,resource capacity,etc.Thirdly,in the process of using grounded theory to explore the formation of green production behavior of farmers,it is found that the decision-making motivation of green production behavior of hog farmers includes three trigger mechanisms: avoiding harm,seeking profit and spontaneity.Among them,the "harm avoidance" mechanism stems from the "risk reduction" response to the tightening of government environmental protection regulations and the environmental protection supervision of community people;"profit seeking" mechanism refers to the "profitable" response to the government’s ecological breeding subsidies and the enhancement of market demand for green products;"spontaneous" mechanism refers to the "voluntary action" of farmers to improve their awareness of environmental protection and social responsibility;The formation of green production behavior of small and medium-sized hog farmers has a dynamic evolution process of "establishment of norms in the initial stage-expansion of behavior in the development stage-comprehensive action in the mature stage",that is,environmental protection regulations and community supervision promote the formation of waste disposal behavior and the establishment of green production norms,while the outbreak of African swine plague promotes the formation of management norms and input safety behaviors,Then the formation of green production consciousness of farmers promotes the comprehensive green behavior.Fourth,using game theory,this paper analyzes the incentive role of government policies in the formation of green production behavior of hog farmers,and finds that the incentive policies adopted by the government and green production behavior of farmers form a good equilibrium.Finally,using the prospect theory,this paper puts forward the performance evaluation and analysis framework of hog farmers’ green production behavior,including economic,social,environmental,growth and external benefits.Among them,performance includes economic,social and environmental benefits,and efficiency performance includes growth and external benefits.Test the influencing factors of green production behavior of small and medium-sized hog farmers.Based on the survey data,logit model is used to test the influencing factors of the formation of green production behavior of small and medium-sized hog farmers,and ISM(interpretive structural model)analysis method is used to analyze the relationship between the relevant influencing factors.The analysis shows that whether the green production behavior of hog farmers occurs is jointly affected by the farmers’ economic income cognition,social income cognition,growth income cognition,social norms,breeding ability and education level.At the same time,the driving factors of different green production behaviors are different: the factors driving the safe use of inputs also include cultivated land resources,breeding profits,and professional knowledge;The factors driving epidemic prevention and control also include environmental benefit cognition,government regulation,organizational participation,stock volume and profits of the previous year;The factors driving standardized management behavior also include environmental benefit cognition,government regulation,and organizational participation;The impact of driving waste disposal and resource utilization behavior also includes the cognition of environmental benefits,last year’s profits and government regulation.Among the significant factors tested,the influence ways of green production behavior are different.The direct factors include economic benefit cognition,environmental benefit cognition,social benefit cognition and growth benefit cognition;The indirect factors in the middle layer include external norms,breeding conditions and business characteristics;The deep root factor is the education level of farmers,and various factors act independently and interact with each other,directly or indirectly affecting the choice of green production behavior of hog farmers.Further analysis shows that whether the green production behavior of retail investors occurs mainly depends on whether there are economic benefits,and small-scale investors to a certain extent depends on whether there are social benefits.Evaluate and analyze the performance of green production behavior of small and medium-sized hog farmers.Based on the survey data,the specific performance of green production behavior of farmers is statistically analyzed;Using the prospect theory of behavioral economics,the performance analysis framework and evaluation index system are constructed,and the Entropy TOPSIS method is used to comprehensively evaluate the green production behavior performance of hog farmers;The performance differences of hog farmers before and after the formation of green production behavior were analyzed by propensity score matching(PSM).The results show that: first,statistical analysis shows that the implementation of green production behavior by most farmers can increase income,save costs,increase efficiency,promote growth,improve the environment,reduce diseases,improve quality,obtain government subsidies,loan support and public recognition,help employees’ quality growth,improve internal management level,increase innovation and reduce risks,that is,the implementation of green production behavior has economic,social,ecological and internal development External support and other benefits;Second,the comprehensive performance level of green production behavior of farmers is good,and the performance performance is better than the efficiency performance.The larger the scale is,the better the comprehensive performance level is,and the performance level also decreases with the reduction of part-time employment;Third,the breeding performance of farmers was significantly improved before and after the formation of green production behavior.The performance improvement effects of different green production behaviors were as follows: input use safety > management standardization > pure purification of epidemic prevention and control > waste treatment and resource utilization,and the larger the scale of farmers,the more obvious the performance difference before and after the formation of green production behavior.Based on the above research,this paper believes that green breeding is the inevitable development of human social civilization.Whether hog farmers choose green production behavior or not is affected by many factors behind it,such as economy,society,law,custom,social supervision,policy incentives and so on.This paper analyzes the mechanism of psychological formation and behavioral choice of hog farmers from the perspective of technology and the main links of production.The potential binding force and driving force of green production are examined from the actual benefits of farmers’ green production behavior and the basic guidance of "input-output".At the same time,this paper puts forward measures and suggestions to promote farmers to choose green production behavior in the aspects of farmers’ ability and quality,internal management of farms,classified incentives and supervision,demonstration and community supervision,market management,etc.The innovations of this paper are mainly reflected in: first,define the connotation and specific performance of four kinds of green production behaviors,such as input use safety,pure purification of epidemic prevention and control,standardization of farm management,waste treatment and resource utilization,analyze the influencing factors and performance differences of different behaviors,and refine the concept connotation and analysis content.Secondly,starting from the prospect theory of behavioral economics,this paper constructs a behavioral decision-making framework of "factor process behavior performance",and then expounds the formation mechanism of green production behavior from the four aspects contained in the framework,and puts forward the motivation driving mechanism of "avoiding harm,seeking benefit and self-consciousness" for the formation of green production behavior of farmers.Third,distinguish free range farmers,small-scale hog farmers and medium-sized hog farmers,test the driving factors and behavioral performance differences of their green production behavior,summarize their heterogeneity laws,and deepen the existing research.