Research On Government Risk Governance For Sudden Environmental Crisis

Since the reform and opening up for more than 40 years,China’s economic construction has made remarkable achievements,but in the process of China’s rapid economic development,there has been a serious ecological environment crisis in China,serious environmental pollution has become a serious challenge to people’s yearning for a better ecological environment.The sudden environmental pollution accidents in high-risk situation,sudden environmental crisis compared with the general environment pollution crisis,its biggest special is that it has no fixed and normalized pollution discharge way,therefore,the event often suddenly,with serious uncertainty,in a short period of time of a large number of pollutant discharge,often beyond people’s surprise,lead to the environmental emergency management system of the whole society often unprepared,therefore,sudden environmental pollution crisis frequent severe damage to the human life and property in our country.The frequent occurrence of sudden environmental pollution accident,not only for the ecological environment governance in China and the government emergency management has brought the serious negative impact,but also bring economic and social development of our country’s severe challenges,more serious damage to the government’s credibility,therefore,how to efficient response to sudden environmental crisis has become increasingly concerned topic at all levels of government and academia,full of sudden ecological environment crisis,science,and promote comprehensive governance is urgently needed.Therefore,in the occurrence of sudden environmental crisis society under the big background,how to improve the whole social risk of sudden environmental crisis management capabilities,to meet the new age people’s sense of security,health and happiness,realize the sustainable development of economic and social has important practical significance,has become a problem we need to face directly.Based on this,this research is based on combing,reading and learning from existing research in the academic world.First of all,to clarify the risk of sudden environmental crisis involving in the evolution and governance of the basic concept and core theory,mainly including sudden environmental crisis,the evolution of risk,risk management,control ability of the four core concepts and risk society theory,stakeholder theory,game theory,collaborative management,basic theory of the five crisis life cycle.Second,the damage will be sudden environmental crisis as a kind of risk,from the perspective of risk evolution,based on the crisis life cycle theory,study the risk evolution process of sudden environmental crises to pave the way for subsequent government risk governance research,mainly including the risk of sudden environmental crisis and risk factors of the evolutionary process and the change of value at risk.Thirdly,multi-case study method is adopted to present the whole process of risk management of sudden environmental crisis by means of comparative study.Then,obtain sudden environmental crisis by means of a structured interview of factors affecting the ability of the government risk management in the original data,adopt the way of "grounded theory" in procedural code to dig the sudden environmental crisis in the influence factors of government risk management ability,clarify these factors impact on the government’s ability of risk management mechanism,for subsequent risk of sudden environmental crisis,the government governance capability assessment in order to provide the corresponding reference.In addition,through the construction of the evaluation index system of the government’s risk governance ability in sudden environmental crises,taking the 2018 Fujian Quangang C9 leakage event as an example,the entropy method--function function method is used to evaluate the government’s risk governance ability.Finally,based on all the analysis results of this study,the path to improve the risk management ability of sudden environmental crisis is proposed.The main research conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The occurrence of sudden environmental pollution accidents has a relatively strong correlation with the level of economic development.The frequency of sudden environmental pollution accidents in relatively developed regions in my country is relatively high,while those in relatively backward economic regions The frequency of sudden environmental pollution accidents is low.(2)In the whole process of risk evolution of sudden environmental crisis,there are mainly risk roots,risk generation,risk early warning,risk mutation,risk receptor and risk extinction.These seven major risk evolution elements,the risk evolution process mainly includes The occurrence process of risk,the process of risk diffusion and the process of risk extinction.The process of risk diffusion mainly follows the ecological environment path,economic and social path and psychological path.In addition,the risk evolution cycle can be compressed through technical intervention in sudden environmental crises.Reduce the value of risk,and ultimately reduce the risk caused by sudden environmental crises.(3)In the risk management process of sudden environmental crises,in the triggering stage of risk management,the involved companies and local governments will often lie,conceal,and delay the disclosure of the situation after the crisis occurs.Social media exposure,public reporting,and other methods will continue to ferment the situation(crisis),enhance the risk perception of the entire society,and ultimately lead the government to initiate risk emergency management.Secondly,in the risk management stage,the government plays a leading role in the risk management of environmental crises,and adopts intergovernmental cooperative governance and multi-subject collaborative governance to jointly respond to the ecological risks,economic and social risks and psychological risks caused by environmental crises.risk.Finally,in the aftermath stage of risk management,we mainly focus on the four aspects of accident liability identification,accident hazard assessment,accident loss compensation and sanctions on the person responsible for the accident.(4)The government’s risk management capabilities in emergent environmental crises are mainly affected by risk early warning capabilities and risk disposal capabilities.The government’s risk disposal capabilities are mainly composed of resource scheduling capabilities,coordination capabilities,and comprehensive leadership capabilities.(5)In the empirical evaluation of the government’s risk governance capability in the Quanzhou Carbon Nine Leakage Incident in Fujian in 2018,the research results show that:The evaluation of governance capability is low.Finally,based on the above research conclusions,specific policy suggestions are put forward to improve the risk response ability of the whole society to sudden environmental crises.Specific policy suggestions mainly include the following aspects.First of all,the transformation of economic development mode and the implementation of the new development concept:eradicate the social and economic root causes of the crisis,mainly from the cultivation of green culture,encourage green production and advocate green life to implement the concept of green development,in order to promote the transformation and upgrading of economic development mode;Secondly,establish risk awareness and enhance prevention ability,to prevent crisis in the brewing stage;Ability of early warning and disposal,again will risk restrain in the crisis stage,main is to enhance’s ability to rapidly detect sudden environmental crisis and rapid response capacity,finally is to optimize the governance process,improve efficiency of environmental risk management,mainly is the need to build the government leading,multiple subject collaborative governance pattern,strengthens the sudden environmental crisis resource scheduling ability and to improve the local government and relevant departments at all levels of environmental emergency management capability.