| Co-evolution in biology is a new breakthrough in Darwin’s classical theory of evolution.It not only corrects many of the shortcomings of classical evolution,but also has strong explanatory power for a series of facts in contemporary biology,and its application space is very broad.Therefore,since the day when the co-evolution theory was proposed by Ehrlich and Raven in 1964,it has gradually received positive responses from the natural science community.Later,it was introduced and used innovatively by many social sciences.In the latter part of the 20 th century,a wave of domestic and foreign research was formed,and the innovative expression was“co-evolution theory”.Its theoretical connotation eliminated the “competition” and“elimination ”of classical evolution theory.“higher”and “lower” content are placed in a secondary position,and instead the more common and meaningful “reciprocal symbiosis” content in the biological world is placed in the dominant position.This new discovery and new direction of research has become more important.It is in line with the construction of my country’s ecological civilization.Similarly,from the perspective of ethnology,the use of the term “evolution” to explain the relationship between the cultures of various ethnic groups will inevitably involve the prejudices of the“advanced” and “backward” ethnic groups,while the term “evolution” is used.The words are more in line with the value standpoint of ethnology.For this reason,this research continues to use the term “co-evolution” advocated by other social sciences.The author selects the field of co-evolution of ethnic culture and nanmu resources with relatively rich historical accumulation and relatively systematic documentary records,and takes Nanmu Village,Hexi Town,where there are still living nanmu communities,as a field survey point,and tries to use co-evolution theory to carry out systematic research in order to Contributed to the smooth introduction of ethnology and the innovative use of co-evolution theory.Because of the relative lag in the use of co-evolution theory in the field of ethnology at home and abroad,the previous analysis of the causes of the shrinkage or endangerment of nanmu resources has a certain deviation.For this reason,under the guidance of the theory of co-evolution,the author carried out standardized scientific forensics on the status quo of my country’s nanmu resources,and discovered that "the imperial wood acquisition theory" uses partial data to discuss the overall problem,using partial generalizations and secretly replacing logical concepts.The theory of "climate change theory" misuses the scope of application of geological history data,which confuses the temporal and spatial differences between geological history and the history of human civilization.The "excessive utilization theory" misinterprets the fundamental attributes of renewable resources and draws conclusions using random data and indicators.Only synchronic information lacks historical depth.For this reason,this research further searches,sorts out,discriminates and interprets historical materials about Nanmu and the traditional culture of related ethnic groups from the vast Chinese historical documents.It turns out that in the long history of more than two thousand years,the traditional cultures of various ethnic groups have maintained a mutually beneficial and symbiotic co-evolution relationship with nanmu resources.The culture created by humans has been playing an active role in the renewal and growth of the nanmu community,including Help the various species of Phoebe to eliminate the interference of intraspecific and interspecific competition and natural selection,and support the species of Phoebe to thrive and multiply on the land of China.With the participation and intervention of the traditional culture of various ethnic groups and the intervention of the traditional culture of various ethnic groups,the resources of Nanmu have formed the most suitable growth section of Nanmu in accordance with the different requirements of the culture to meet the needs of human beings.As a result,the traditional culture of various ethnic groups in our country and Nanmu resources have reached a mutually beneficial and symbiotic co-evolution pattern.Only after the land reform,the livelihood of the traditional nanmu production base has changed,and nanmu suitable for forest land has been converted for other uses.At the same time,the institutional guarantee for planting and managing nanmu is gradually lacking.Nanmu resources are in this historical background.The rapid shrinkage has led to the gradual decline of the co-evolutionary pattern of mutually beneficial symbiosis that has always existed between the traditional culture of various ethnic groups and Nanmu resources.It is specifically manifested in the imbalance of the ecological landscape of nanmu resources in our country,the misunderstanding of nanmu by the people of all ethnic groups in our country,the malfunction of the ethnic traditional culture of managing and protecting nanmu,the failure of cross-cultural nanmu market and protection,and so on.Then,how to reconstruct the co-evolutionary pattern of the mutually beneficial symbiosis between ethnic culture and Nanmu resources and support the sustainable poverty alleviation of the poor groups in the traditional Nanmu production base is a major theoretical and practical problem that needs to be solved urgently.This article focuses on the co-evolution relationship between ethnic culture and nanmu resources.The ultimate goal is to break through the basic theoretical construction of ethnology and serve the long-term development of China and the world.At the same time,we need to see that when the co-evolution theory guides ethnological research,because the research object-culture and specific plants and animals have a series of peculiarities,when the co-evolution analysis of culture and things is carried out,it is not only necessary to pay attention to synergy.The integrity,independence,temporal and spatial consistency and long-term continuity of evolution also need to pay attention to the asymmetry of the evolutionary objects,so as to identify the objects and subjects that reconstruct the pattern of co-evolution when the co-evolution relationship is declining.Although the matter of Nanmu is small,it can be said to be big.This study believes that the theory of co-evolution is one of the basic theories in the 21 st century.This theory can not only explain the mutual symbiosis between humans and biological species,but also the fact that different ethnic cultures can coexist.Once the theory of co-evolution has become a theoretical weapon in ethnology,my country is currently committed to building a sense of community of the Chinese nation,reconstructing the harmonious and co-prosperity relationship between man and nature,sustainable poverty alleviation in impoverished areas,and even the construction of ecological civilization.Support and cooperation. |
