| The development of transportation infrastructure has greatly shortened the space-time distance of tourism activities,and the experience brought by transportation itself is also a part of tourism activities,which has promoted the development of tourism;The development of information infrastructure makes up for the separation of material space,effectively reduces the transaction cost of tourism activities and the constraints of distance friction on tourism activities,and promotes the development of tourism.Some scholars have noticed the impact of transportation and information infrastructure on the development of tourism,carried out relevant research and achieved a series of results,but there are still some deficiencies,which are embodied as follows: they only analyze the impact of transportation infrastructure or information infrastructure on the development of tourism,but do not analyze the impact of the superposition of transportation and information infrastructure on the development of tourism;It only analyzes the impact of transportation and information infrastructure on tourism development from the external objective conditions,and does not study the impact of transportation and information infrastructure on tourism development from the perspective of tourism subject behavior change.Therefore,it is not deep enough to analyze the impact of transportation and information infrastructure on tourism development.At present,the development of high-speed transportation and the increasing innovation of information and communication technology impact the traditional development mode of tourism.It is urgent to study and analyze the impact of transportation and information infrastructure on the development of tourism from a more comprehensive perspective.Therefore,this paper analyzes the impact of transportation and information infrastructure on the development of tourism from a more comprehensive perspective,so as to guide and promote the better development of tourism and enrich the theoretical system of regional tourism.In terms of the research object,this paper selects the southwest region(specifically including Sichuan Province,Chongqing City,Yunnan Province,Guizhou Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region)as the research object.The reason is that the southwest region is very complex and almost in the mountains.It is known as“the difficulty of Shu Road is difficult to climb the blue sky”,which has always been the most difficult area for transportation.In recent years,with the construction of modern transportation such as high-speed railway,expressway and airport,the traffic bottleneck is being broken,and the traffic infrastructure has made“rapid progress”.The construction of information infrastructure in Southwest China is also changing with each passing day.Information facilities such as optical cable and mobile communication are constantly improved.Information technologies such as big data,cloud computing and GPS navigation and positioning have been widely popularized and deeply used.The development level of information infrastructure is likely to catch up with the eastern part of the country,and even lead the country in some fields.Southwest China is also the region with the most abundant tourism resources in China.All provinces cultivate and develop tourism as a pillar industry of the national economy,and the development of tourism has entered the fast lane.Therefore,Southwest China has significant changes in the three variables of transportation infrastructure,information infrastructure and tourism development in recent years,making it a good sample to study the impact of transportation infrastructure and information infrastructure on tourism development.At the same time,studying and exploring the development law of tourism in Southwest China under traffic information connectivity is conducive to tap the development potential of tourism in Southwest China,promote the sustainable and healthy development of tourism in Southwest China,and promote the realization of the national western development strategy and the goal of common prosperity.In terms of research methods,this paper mainly uses literature review method,comparative research method,the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis,empirical analysis and normative analysis.Based on the research results of relevant literature,this paper puts forward the concepts and definitions of transportation infrastructure,information infrastructure and regional tourism development.By combing the relevant theories of classical economics,development economics,new economic geography,transportation economics and information economics,this paper makes a preliminary analysis on the logical relationship and interaction mechanism of the research object.Through the vertical comparison of time dimension,this paper analyzes the development process and current situation of transportation,information infrastructure and tourism.Through the horizontal comparison of different cities,this paper analyzes the differences of the impact of transportation and information infrastructure on tourism development in different urban groups.Using qualitative analysis method,this paper puts forward the impact mechanism of transportation and information infrastructure on tourism development from the perspective of transportation information itself and tourism subject.Through the quantitative analysis method,this paper constructs the spatial tourism model and multiple regression model,uses MATLAB software to simulate and analyze the equilibrium state of spatial tourism,uses Stata software to analyze the panel data of 45 prefecture level cities in five urban areas of Southwest China,analyzes the impact of transportation and information infrastructure on the development of tourism,and ensures the accuracy and objectivity of the research.Through the combination of empirical analysis and normative analysis,this paper puts forward public policy suggestions on how to deal with the reform and development of tourism in Southwest China under the condition of traffic information connectivity.The main research results and innovations of this paper are as follows:1.Traffic infrastructure in Southwest China has a significant role in promoting the development of tourism.The role of traffic infrastructure in promoting the development of tourism has not entered the stage of diminishing marginal utility.A higher level of traffic infrastructure will bring greater tourism benefits.Transportation infrastructure has a significant positive role in promoting the development of tourism through behavioral impact mechanism and spatial impact mechanism.In the empirical analysis of panel data model,urban tourism revenue increases with the improvement of transportation infrastructure construction level.After adding control variables,the impact of transportation infrastructure on urban tourism revenue is also significantly positive,and the effect of transportation infrastructure on urban tourism revenue varies with the level of urban transportation infrastructure.Compared with cities with low level of transportation infrastructure,cities with high level of transportation infrastructure play a greater and significant role in urban tourism revenue.This shows that the demand for transportation infrastructure for the development of tourism in the five provinces and cities in Southwest China has not been fully met,and a higher level of transportation infrastructure will bring greater tourism benefits.2.Information infrastructure in Southwest China plays a significant role in promoting the development of tourism.The role of information infrastructure in tourism development has not entered the stage of diminishing marginal utility.A higher level of information infrastructure will bring greater tourism benefits.Information infrastructure plays a significant positive role in promoting the development of tourism from four links: tourists' motivation,tourism information search and evaluation,tourists' decision-making behavior and post tourism feedback.In the panel data model analysis,the urban tourism revenue increases with the improvement of the level of information infrastructure.After adding the control variables,the impact of information infrastructure on urban tourism revenue is also significantly positive,and the impact of information infrastructure on urban tourism revenue varies with the level of urban information infrastructure.Compared with cities with low level of information infrastructure,cities with high level of information infrastructure play a greater and significant role in urban tourism revenue.This shows that the demand for information infrastructure for the development of tourism in the five provinces and cities in Southwest China has not been fully met,and a higher level of information infrastructure will bring greater tourism benefits.3.The role of transportation and information infrastructure in promoting the development of tourism in Southwest China also comes from the regional tourism agglomeration development and integration caused by the superposition of transportation and information infrastructure,which improves the speed and efficiency of the development of the whole tourism industry.Based on the“iceberg cost”theory proposed by Feng duneng and Samuelson,through the analysis of the three scenic spot spatial tourism model constructed by introducing the comprehensive parameter t of transportation information infrastructure,this paper comes to the following conclusions:(1)the development of regional tourism will tend to be average due to the influence of backward transportation and information infrastructure.The average development of regional tourism not only limits the speed of regional tourism development,but also hinders the development of regional tourism integration.(2)Improving the regional transportation and information infrastructure in a short time(even if it is improved,it is still T < T *)can not fundamentally change the development mode of regional tourism averaging.(3)Only when the traffic and information infrastructure are significantly improved and the comprehensive parameters of traffic information infrastructure exceed a certain critical value(T > T*),the development mode of tourism averaging will gradually change into the development mode of tourism agglomeration.The formation of tourism agglomeration development model will promote the innovative development and accelerate the development of tourism,so as to improve the competitiveness of tourism;It will improve the original division of labor and layout within the tourism industry,optimize the allocation of tourism resources and improve the degree of tourism specialization,so as to improve the quality and efficiency of tourism development in the whole region;It will break the barriers of interregional tourism activities,guide the free flow of tourism material elements among regions,and promote regional tourism integration.This paper further analyzes the panel data of 45 prefecture level cities in five provinces and cities in Southwest China.It is found that at present,although the tourism development of some cities in Southwest China is still in the“T < T *”stage,the tourism development of some cities has entered the“T > T*”stage,and the regional tourism agglomeration development and integration effect caused by the superimposed impact of transportation and information infrastructure has begun to appear,So as to promote the development of tourism in the whole southwest region.4.The behavior change of tourism subject caused by the connection of transportation and information infrastructure has also become an important factor to promote the development of tourism in Southwest China,which will have a more far-reaching impact on the development of tourism and significantly promote the growth of tourism in Southwest China.Tourism subject refers to the people or groups who recognize and implement tourism activities in social practice,that is,tourists,government departments or tourism related enterprises.With the increasing connectivity of transportation and information infrastructure,the development of transportation tools has greatly shortened the travel time of different places and reduced the proportion of transportation expenses in the total tourism expenses.In addition,the geographical location of the five provinces and cities in Southwest China is adjacent to each other,which makes the tourism frequency of tourists who are mutual tourism destinations in the five provinces and cities in Southwest China change and develop from“single”to“multiple”;In the transformation and development of tourism frequency from“single”to“multiple”,in order to build the driving force for the sustainable attraction of tourism destinations and the sustainable growth of tourism industry,and give full play to the advantages of tourism resources in Southwest China,the government and enterprises have the power to create more“functional tourism”scenic spots around the maximization of tourists' Tourism utility,so that tourists' Tourism utility changes from“experiential”to“functional”Change and development;The state has issued policies to encourage weekend travel.Tourists are rigidly constrained by leisure time,pursue tourism quality and avoid big holiday congestion mode,so that tourists' tourism travel has changed and developed from“legal holidays”to“weekends”;The substitution effect of tourism spatial competition among the five provinces and cities in Southwest China is weakening,and the factors promoting tourism cooperation are increasing(for example,with the growth of residents' income in Southwest China,the five provinces and cities in Southwest China are gradually mutual tourism destinations and tourist sources),which makes the tourism relationship between the five provinces and cities in Southwest China change and develop from“competition”to“cooperation”.These changes and developments have become important factors to promote the development of tourism in Southwest China.5.In order to comply with the transformation and development of tourism in Southwest China under the connection of transportation and information infrastructure,this paper divides tourism utility into “ experiential ” and“functional”.On this basis,this paper innovatively puts forward the concept of“functional tourism”to classify tourism products and promote the transformation and upgrading of tourism.“Experiential”utility is the utility of tourism behavior in pursuit of freshness.The main purpose is to experience or experience an event or a series of events and find a novel experience that has not been felt before.Because the novel experience disappears after the first trip,tourism products for this purpose can not stimulate tourists“multiple”tourism behavior.“Functional”utility refers to that after a tourism activity,tourists experience a certain function(for example,physical fitness,medical treatment,beauty,food,entertainment and consumer demand satisfaction),and in order to continuously obtain this function,trigger the next tourism activity with the region as the tourism destination,And the obtained function utility does not disappear with the increase of tourists' number of trips to the place.The tourism activity pursuing “ functional ” utility is“functional tourism”.“Functional tourism”has a long-term attraction and can trigger tourism activities “many times”.The development of “functional tourism”is conducive to all administrative departments to break the functional boundaries of departments around a certain functional demand of tourists,give full play to the maximum benefits of resource integration,and bring better experience to tourists.“Functional tourism”plays an increasingly important role in the transformation and development of tourism frequency in Southwest China from“single”to“multiple”,and all parties should attach great importance to it.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward policy suggestions:(1)continue to increase the investment in the construction of transportation infrastructure and information infrastructure in Southwest China,and promote the deep integration of transportation,information infrastructure and tourism,so as to accelerate the development of tourism in Southwest China.(2)Comply with the new situation of tourism reform and development in Southwest China under the connection of traffic information,and promote the innovation of tourism development model in Southwest China.Establish the concept of“big tourism in Southwest China”,actively strive for macro guidance at the national level,strengthen the top-level design of the system,reduce the cost of inter provincial tourism,give birth to a number of new tourist attractions,encourage tourists to travel across provinces on weekends,and create new space for the development of tourism in the urban areas of the five southwest provinces.(3)Attach importance to and vigorously develop“functional tourism”.Closely focusing on tourism products is to meet the goal of people pursuing a certain function,and highlight the functional positioning,functional publicity and functional construction of tourism products in Southwest China;Study,formulate and issue relevant policies and measures for the development of“functional tourism”to form a joint force for the development of“functional tourism”.According to the diversified and personalized“functional”needs of tourists,based on the overall characteristics of Southwest China,highlight the characteristics of provinces and regions,and give birth to a number of“functional tourism”brands with distinctive characteristics and prominent competitive advantages. |
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