Research On The Dynamic Mechanism And Path Of Innovation And Development Of National High-tech Zone

After more than 30 years of development and precipitation,the national high-tech zones have accumulated a large number of innovative elements and gathered a number of competitive enterprises and industrial clusters.In the process of China's transformation from a big manufacturing country to an innovative country and an economic power,shouldering the important mission of scientific and technological guidance and industrial support,it is the forward main position for our country to implement the innovation-driven development strategy.It plays an important role in developing high-tech industry,constructing innovation incentive system,guiding the flow of innovation elements,expanding new development space and consolidating the real economic foundation.In order to implement the spirit of the 19 th CPC National Congress,China's high-tech zones should undertake the further implementation of reform and opening up,policy innovation and technological innovation,connect with the frontiers of international scientific and technological innovation,and realize the leap in the ability of independent innovation and the integration of urban production functions.the historical task of driving the innovation and development of the surrounding regions.However,at present,the economic growth of most high-tech zones still heavily depends on the traditional factor input and relative labor force advantages,and the problems such as low technological content and low added value of products are prominent,which are at the low-end level of relying on the introduction of foreign projects.generally lack of independent innovation capability and native high-end industries,with the remarkable characteristics of "high economic growth and low technological innovation",and even functional alienation and deviation.While the national high-tech zones continue to expand in physical space,they are collectively experiencing "innovation-driven troubles",and the lack of independent innovation is still the crux of the development of high-tech zones.The "re-industrialization" strategy put forward by the United States and the European Union makes multinational enterprises begin to return to developed countries.The development model of attracting industrial transfer in China's high-tech zones is no longer applicable,and it needs to turn to the development model of comprehensive independent innovation.In the new situation,how to improve the independent innovation ability of national high-tech zones and explore the dynamic mechanism and realization path of its innovation and development is not only an urgent problem to be solved,but also a complex proposition.How to change China's high-tech zones from following mode and parallel mode to leading mode;how to change the innovation path to reform-led,regional-driven and international influence,and from independent innovation to radiation-driven and functional output,and through the advance development of hightech zones,to drive the global leadership of the whole national scientific and technological innovation system,we need to make breakthroughs in the way of development and the path of realizationTaking the national high-tech zone(Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park)as the research object,this paper establishes the core functional structure of innovation ecosystem and multi-layer complex network models such as technological cooperation,capital operation and market competition based on ecological metaphors.Through data mining and quantitative research on high-dimensional big data,this paper deeply analyzes the organic relationship between its internal organizational structure and external macro-performance in the process of innovation and development of high-tech zones.This paper focuses on the internal development law and external influence mechanism of innovation dynamic mechanism and evolution path of high-tech zones under the paradigm of innovation ecosystem.The conclusions of the study are as follows:First,sort out the evolution and development path of innovation ecosystem based on innovation development theory.The development stage of innovation ecosystem can be divided into three stages: gestation period(innovation paradigm 1.0),growth stage(innovation paradigm 2.0)and maturity stage(innovation paradigm 3.0).During the gestation period,the network form of the high-tech zone is mainly scale-free network,the innovation of the innovation subject is mainly closed innovation,and the dominant mechanism of merit-based development strengthens the heterogeneous structure of the network and aggravates the system risk.The dominant network form in the growing period is the small-world network,and the high-tech zones evolve from closed innovation to open innovation.The agglomeration effect of industry promotes the development of innovation community,and the shortening of network transmission path promotes the effect of technology diffusion,but the high degree of agglomeration of network subjects leads to the rigidity of the system structure.When the high-tech zone develops to the mature stage,the innovation development develops at a high speed,the symbiotic innovation concept makes the innovation subject in the network evolve cooperatively,and the government increases the difficulty of management from the point of view of overall optimization.Secondly,the evolutionary dynamic mechanism of innovation ecosystem at the regional level is summarized based on the theory of ecology.It is mainly analyzed from three aspects: technical cooperation,capital operation and the mechanism of market competition and innovation.The action mechanism of technology cooperation is mainly preferential link mechanism,technology diffusion mechanism and emergence catastrophe mechanism.The preferential link mechanism is that the superior enterprises in the innovation ecosystem are highly attractive to the innovation cooperation;the technology diffusion mechanism promotes the diffusion and transfer of knowledge and information,which in turn promotes the development of the innovation network;the emergence catastrophe mechanism is that the catastrophe behavior of the core nodes in the innovation ecosystem will have a great impact on the whole network structure.The function mechanism of capital operation is mainly risk-sharing mechanism,functional catalysis mechanism and feedback interaction mechanism.The risk-sharing mechanism means that the nested structure formed by investment and financing enterprises reduces the impact of systemic risk from the point of view of both sides;the functional catalytic mechanism realizes the magnifying effect of innovation from the perspectives of cost saving,income increase and network expansion;the feedback interaction mechanism is that the investors adjust the investment behavior,strategy and selection mechanism according to the innovation environment and capital stock.The mechanism of market competition is mainly the mechanism of survival of the fittest,merger and reorganization mechanism and coordinated development mechanism.The mechanism of survival of the fittest is the feedback mechanism of the limitation of innovation resources and the competition of enterprise niche to the innovation subjects in the market.The merger and reorganization mechanism is that under the market competition pattern,the innovative subject integrates resources through merger and reorganization,and occupies the niche advantage.In the collaborative development mechanism,the network members give full play to their respective advantages,coordinate and cooperate through the collaborative development mechanism,achieve the overall optimal effect that can not be achieved alone,and promote the evolution of the innovation ecosystem from disorder to order,low-level to high-level.Third,the use of Zhongguancun Park enterprise intellectual property data and Tianyan check enterprise big data,establish a multi-layer innovation network model based on co-citation network,bifurcation graph and so on,and analyze the development trend of Zhongguancun innovation through the network characteristic index.The patent cooperation network of Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park has a large number of network nodes,a large network density,and a large number of nodes and edges in the maximum connected branch structure,which promotes the technology diffusion among high-tech enterprises in the park.However,the network shows the characteristics of scale-free network,and the connection between nodes has a serious uneven distribution.In the investment and financing network model,the investment enterprises have formed the industrial cluster effect,the cooperation between enterprises is close,and the investment density is high,which is conducive to the risksharing mechanism and functional catalytic mechanism to play a role in enterprise innovation.However,there are few edges among financing enterprises,and only a few enterprises form a slight aggregation trend,indicating that there are still few enterprises with extensive financing in the existing network.In the competition model,there are a large number of nodes and dense network density.Although the heterogeneity of the network is strong,the core nodes still do not play a key role.The main core nodes of Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park are large state-owned enterprises and multinational corporations,while most of the nodes are represented by local small and medium-sized enterprises,and the investment in R & D of independent intellectual property rights technology and products is relatively low.did not make full use of the advantages of the rich scientific and technological resources of the high-tech zone innovation network,the overall effect on the network is weak.And the technical cooperation of high-tech enterprises is mostly concentrated within the industry,and the cross-industry technical cooperation is less,which is not conducive to the subversive innovation under the emergence of catastrophe mechanism.Although large state-owned enterprises occupy a dominant position in the network,they play a weak role in driving other innovative subjects,lack of support for the development of small and mediumsized enterprises in the park,and under the competitive mechanism of survival of the fittest,small enterprises may face a serious survival crisis.Under the market preferred link mechanism,large enterprises have access to more capital,technology and information,while small enterprises in urgent need of support are facing great difficulties in financing.The development of the park and the field of technology is not balanced.Haidian Park is in a leading position in the 16 th Park of Zhongguancun,and the number and relevance of innovation nodes are ahead of other parks.Electronics and information are the key areas in the ten technological fields of Zhongguancun,but the innovation strength in different technological fields is quite different.under the role of realizing the coordinated development mechanism of the park and high-tech enterprises,it also needs to be strongly promoted by the government.Fourth,on the basis of measuring and calculating the network structure data(degree,point weight and edge weight,aggregation coefficient,intermediary centrality),this paper makes a preliminary causal reasoning analysis on the influencing factors of Zhongguancun innovation ecosystem by using Spike-slab sparse function and stepwise regression model.The innovation factors of Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park are mainly affected by network structure,input factors and environmental factors.In terms of network structure measurement indicators,IETTN,IFTMN and IVCCN network indicators have a significant impact on enterprise innovation performance as a whole.Optimizing the structure of the network has a positive effect on increasing the number of patent applications and the income of innovative technology.In terms of enterprise factor input indicators,both capital input and labor input indicators have a significant impact on enterprise innovation performance.In terms of environmental factor indicators,each factor index has relatively little impact on enterprise innovation performance.This shows that at present,the external environment provided by the government can rarely play a role in improving the innovation performance of enterprises.In a word,as the product of institutional arrangement,the innovation and evolution of national high-tech zones reflect the national strategic choice.As regional economic and social organizations with the characteristics of innovation ecosystem,national hightech zones follow the spiral evolution process from low-level to high-level,from simple to complex,and present the characteristics of diversification of dynamic mechanism.The innovation of national high-tech zones is embodied in the different structural levels of "point-line-surface-body",which evolves from disorder to order.it is a sustainable development process from scattered,random and disordered point innovation paradigm to orderly and organized network innovation.At present,Zhongguancun innovation ecosystem is in the transition stage from growth to maturity,and the government should fully promote the development of innovation ecosystem through macro-control according to the characteristics of this stage.Starting from the guarantee and incentive,this paper explores a series of laws and policies that promote the formation of a good innovation network structure among enterprises and effectively ensure the realization of market functions,especially by optimizing the innovation ecological environment and factor input environment to enhance the vitality of enterprises.promote innovation performance.