A Study On The Micro-scale Spatial Structure And Human Adaptability Of Bamboo Forest Scenic Spots Based On The Benefits Of Health And Wellness

Bamboo forest is an important forest resource.China has the most abundant bamboo forest resources in the world.There are more than 40 famous bamboo forest scenic spots in China,which are widely distributed in southwest China and rich in resources,playing an important role in the process of creating a beautiful “bamboo forest scenery line” in the country.Bamboo forest scenic spot can bring diversified benefits,including ecological benefits,economic benefits,cultural benefits,health benefits and so on.As the carrier of benefit,bamboo forest space has the potential of health care in three aspects: cultural aesthetics,climate environment and activity site.But in the micro space level,the bamboo forest scenic spot in the present stage has the spatial management chaos,lacks the theoretical support the problem.Based on the microscopic space of bamboo forest and guided by the benefits of health and wellness,this study reveals the key mechanism between the microscale spatial structure and the visual,thermal and behavioral adaptability,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific design and management of the micro-scale spatial structure of bamboo forest scenic spots.In the study of spatial structure index system,six dimensions of width,height,depth,density,shape and coordinate were analyzed from three aspects of internal relationship,external relationship and plant relationship,and a microscopic spatial structure index system of bamboo forest with 17 indexes was further constructed.The micro space field research was carried out in 14 representative bamboo forest scenic spots in southwest China,and the picture samples,structural indexes and climatic indexes of typical spaces were collected.The field research process and the construction process of spatial structure index system were mutually verified.The spatial structure index system lays the foundation for the adaptability experiment.In the research on spatial structure and visual adaptability,based on the three types of bamboo Forest micro-space,namely Forest internal space(FIS),Forest esxternal space(FES)and Forest path space(FPS),the visual preference of the three types was studied respectively,and the effect difference of the three types on alleviating physiological and psychological stress was studied.109 spatial samples were quantified using 12 structural indicators in the spatial structure index system.Through 340 questionnaires,109 spatial samples taken in advance were scored for visual preference and standardized.The multiple linear regression models were established with 12 structural indexes as independent variables and standardized scores as dependent variables.According to the analysis of model results,the FIS and FES with tall,straight,medium and low density and transparent line of sight have higher visual preference,as well as the FPS with slight inclination.On the other hand,the?/? index,the Profile of mood states-China(POMS-CN)and the spatial preference questionnaire were used to measure the differences in the physiological and psychological stress reduction in the young population(N=60).The results showed that the FES group(N=20)had the lowest ?/? index(M=1.474,0.761,0.954 and 1.005)and the Total mood disturbance(TMD)(M=92.993)in the four EEG channels,indicating that it was more conducive to relaxation and had a higher visual preference.FPS(N=20)came next,and FIS(N=20)was the worst.The results of the two experiments show that the spatial structure with wide field of vision,tall and tidy,medium density has higher visual preference and health benefits.In the study of spatial structure and thermal adaptability,based on thermal comfort index,namely Physiological equivalent temperature(PET),the structural index and thermal comfort of bamboo forest micro space were studied,as well as the study of thermal comfort and human behavior.PET values were measured in 20 bamboo micro spaces in “Zhu Hai Dong Tian” park,Dujiangyan city,Sichuan Province.Then,using 13 structural indexes in the spatial structure index system,20 spaces were quantified,and the regression model of spatial structure index and PET value of the four seasons was established.Model results showed that the spring and summer in the model are “cover plant ratio” and “canopy diameter width” parameter has a major influence on the PET,fall and winter in the model“degree of facing to sun's trajectory vertically” and “cover plant ratio” parameter has a major influence on the PET,the “cover plant ratio” parameter in the model are to a greater influence on the thermal adaptability,but with different correlation and levels.On the other hand,in the 6 consecutive bamboo forest micro spaces(S1-S6)in “Wang Jiang Lou” park,Chengdu city,Sichuan Province,the population distribution and behavioral characteristics of 10 consecutive mornings were obtained by using Behavior mapping every half an hour.The results showed that the increase of PET in S1,S2 and S3 was smaller than that in S4,S5 and S6 due to the influence of spatial structure.From 7:30 am to 10:30 am,the population mainly distributed S4,S5 and S6 activities with higher PET value.From 10:30 am to 12:30 am,the population mainly distributed S1,S2 and S3 activities with lower PET value.In addition,the behavior of different age groups was affected by thermal comfort to a certain extent,but the influence of different genders was not found.The results of the two experiments showed that there exists a systematic relationship of spatial structure,thermal comfort and behavior in the micro-scale of bamboo forest scenic spot,and the spatial structure has an important influence on thermal comfort,and its regulation mechanism is different in four seasons.In the research on spatial structure and behavioral adaptability,based on the comprehensive physiological and psychological measurement technology(mainly the Emotiv EPOC+ mobile EEG measurement instrument),the single-factor effects of “green space behavior” and the double-factor effects of “green space behavior” and “per capita area”were studied.The emotional differences between walking(N=20)and sitting(N=20)behaviors in space were compared through the neural emotional parameters(engagement,valence,meditation,frustration,focus and excitement)provided by the Emotiv EPOC+instrument in the artificial simulated bamboo forest micro space.The results showed that short-term walking was better for reducing emotional stress(the walking group had lower“valence” and “meditation”),and short-term sitting was better for restoring attention(the sitting group had higher “focus”).On the other hand,six groups were set up,namely,sitting with high-per-capita(N=40),sitting with medium-per-capita(N=40),sitting with low-percapita(N=40),walking with high-per-capita(N=40),walking with medium-per-capita(N=40),walking with low-per-capita(N=40).Various physiological and psychological indicators were measured.The results showed that walking with high-per-capita and sitting with low-per-capita had better performance with ?/? index,fingertip pulse,mood and preference,representing the spatial structure and behavior combination with higher benefits of health and wellness,indicating the synergistic relationship between spatial structure and behavior.Based on the mechanism research conclusions of visual adaptation,thermal adaptation and behavioral adaptation,the theoretical results are integrated into the planning,design and management process of bamboo forest scenic spots.According to the characteristics of each process,specific application approaches to the improvement of its benefits of health and wellness are proposed,which provides an effective reference for the scientific design and management of bamboo forest scenic spot.