Study On The Health Benefits Of Urban Scenic Forest In Sichuan Province Based On Spatial Characteristics

In recent years,with the accelerating process of global urbanization,the stimulation of residents in cities,especially in densely populated areas,has become more and more obvious and diversified.The cumulative benefits caused by the negative impact of this stimulation are a severe challenge to global public health.The green environment in the city plays an irreplaceable role in ecology,beautification and society in this process.It is also a precious natural and human resource.Its internal natural composition and form show the role of physical and mental recovery has been paid more and more attention.Urban scenic forest is an important part of green environment.In recent decades,through the natural advantages and diverse interaction of urban scenic forest,it can be used as basic public health resources.The correct planning and design strategy of urban scenic forest can also bring multiple benefits such as aesthetics,ecology and health.In the discussion of the health benefits of urban green resources,most of them focus on specific types such as suburban forest and park green space at home and abroad,and there are few discussions on the health benefits of urban scenic forest.Urban scenic forest is planted in a wider range,covering more diverse audience groups,and is more convenient to use after planting.Therefore,it is necessary to discuss this kind of green resources.Secondly,based on the spatial characteristics,the optimal design of urban scenic forest with healthy benefits still lacks systematic demonstration and relevant research support,which also needs to be reorganized and enriched.This paper takes the urban scenic forest as the research object,starts with the spatial characteristics,and summarizes the current spatial characteristics of the urban scenic forest in Sichuan Province through field investigation.On this basis,it carries out the empirical and Simulation Research on the health benefits of the urban scenic forest,explores the mutual promotion relationship and significant prediction factors with the user’s health,and combines the investigation of the user’s attitude and obstacles to the use of the urban scenic forest,It provides scientific theoretical basis,reference and basic research supplement for urban scenic forest as a restorative environment.This study used the methods of landscape science and medical geography to study the health benefits of urban scenic forest.The main results are as follows:(1)According to the investigation results of 18 urban scenic forests with 6 types of green space in 3 cities(Chengdu,Yibin and Ya’an).The results showed that the bottom interface had a significant impact on the characteristics of microenvironment,mainly reflected in the solar radiation heat,light intensity and human comfort index.The factors of the side interface were similar and different.The urban scenic forests in the investigated sample plots were moderately closed forests,Among them,the tree species mainly include deciduous tree species,with Pueraria lobata as the main tree,accounting for 38.88%,and Ginkgo biloba as the main tree,accounting for 27.78%.The vertical layers of the stand are mostly two-layer tree grass structure,accounting for 66.67% of the survey.The color range is distributed in the green and yellow green range,in which the plants in the green range mainly include Cinnamomum,Zhennan and banyan,and the tree species in the yellow green range include Pueraria lobata,Ginkgo biloba and Luan.(2)Compared with the urban square space,the urban scenic forest inner space and the urban scenic forest footpath space have significant health benefits,which are mainly reflected in the decline of blood pressure,the gentle trend of heart rate,the improvement of positive and recovery emotional state and the reduction of negative emotion.In terms of two types of urban scenic forest space,the performance of diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure and pulse reduction in the urban scenic forest environment group was lower than that in the urban scenic forest trail environment group(P< 0.01).According to the six emotional parameters calculated by brain waves,;The emotions of "participation","tension" and "interest" in the forest environment group were significantly higher than those in the trail environment group,while the emotional parameters of "concentration" in the trail environment group were significantly higher than those in the forest environment group,and there was no significant difference in the emotional indicators of "Relaxation".In terms of the correlation between the two types of spatial perception and physiological,psychological and preference indexes,blood pressure,blood oxygen and pulse have no significant correlation with spatial perception,preference has a very significant positive correlation with positive emotion and overall emotion(P< 0.01),"density" has a very significant positive correlation with "participation"(P< 0.01),a very significant negative correlation with "Relaxation"(P< 0.01),and a significant negative correlation with "interest"(P<0.05),"Height" was negatively correlated with "Relaxation"(P< 0.05),"width" was negatively correlated with "Relaxation" and "interest"(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with "concentration"(P< 0.05).(3)Two behavioral studies based on urban scenic forest trails show that there are differences in the emotional effects of sitting and walking.The "participation" and "excitement" of the sedentary group were significantly lower than those of the walking group(P<0.05),the "interest" was significantly higher than that of the walking group(P<0.01),and the "Relaxation" of the walking group was significantly higher than that of the sedentary group(P<0.001).Absolute of 14 electrodes connecting the brain under different behaviors α Wave and absolute β The wave shows the difference of some channels,which are the absolute difference between the O2 electrode in the occipital lobe and the P8 electrode in the parietal lobe α There was significant difference on the waves(P<0.05),which were located in the occipital and parietal lobes of the brain,respectively β In the wave,FC6,F4 and P8 electrodes showed significant difference(P<0.05),which were located in the frontal and parietal lobes of the brain respectively.In addition,according to the calculation of Rab index,the brain regions corresponding to the channels with significant differences in this index are mainly distributed in the frontal lobe(af3,FC5,FC6,F3,F7),temporal lobe(T7)and parietal lobe(P7),but there is no significant difference between the two behavioral elements in arousal value and effectiveness value(P>0.05).(4)The health benefits of different spatial characteristics of urban scenic forest show that viewing the combined pictures of different visual features with image stimulation still has a certain relaxation effect,which is manifested in the extremely significant decrease of systolic blood pressure(P<0.01),the extremely significant decrease of diastolic blood pressure,heart rate and anxiety(P<0.001)and the extremely significant increase of recovery emotion value(P<0.001).The top combinations of restoration potential and preference scores of different spatial elements of urban scenic forest are "water","water + terrain" and "water + terrain +shrub" respectively.Using virtual coding to explore the predictors shows that the "water" element can significantly predict the restoration value and preference value(P<0.01),that is,the scenic forest with "water" element can have a positive impact on users,while "terrain","flowers" The influence of adding elements of "shrub" is not obvious.(5)The investigation on the cognitive and use barriers of urban scenic forest shows that most users do not have a clear understanding of urban scenic forest,which leads to the reduction of its use frequency and use duration to a certain extent;Most people recognize the ecological and landscape beauty value of urban scenic forest and are willing to support related construction.Among the obstacles to use,not hearing about it and being far away from home are the main obstacles.After constructing a six path model with visit frequency and visit duration as intermediary variables,recreation disorder as independent variables and value cognition,recreation attitude and recreation preference as dependent variables,it can be seen that visit frequency can significantly affect recreation attitude and recreation preference,while visit duration can significantly affect value cognition and recreation preference.