Study On Estimation Of Ecological Compensation In Desertification Area Based On Stakeholders Game

Desertification control is an important way to improve the ecological conditions in arid and semi-arid areas and maintain global sustainable development.The design and improvement of desert ecosystem compensation mechanism is of great significance to ensure the sustainable and stable supply of desert ecosystem services.To improve the ecological compensation in the process of"one size fits all"problem,at the same time as the desert system provide the scientific basis for the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism,this study selected arid and semi arid areas of different types of nature reserves,constructing a dynamic game model of desertification region ecological compensation of stakeholders,through accounting reserve the ecological protection of direct cost and opportunity cost,the quantitative evaluation of its natural assets value,arid or semi-arid grassland desertification in the exploration of ecological compensation standard.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)With Mitchell score method defines the stakeholders of reserve ecological compensation,based on the evolutionary game model to build,to related enterprises and farmers,reserve administration preferences according to their own interests in the process of game strategy choice and the stable equilibrium analysis,it is concluded that the introduction of the central government intervention in the process of ecological compensation,with the third party"constraint"mechanism as the guarantee,ecological compensation to reach a stable equilibrium;in order to ensure the orderly progress of ecological compensation in the reserve,the principle of"who benefits will be compensated"should be adhering to,and the full amount of ecological compensation can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers,herdsmen and enterprises to protect the ecological environment.(2)The value of ecological assets of the four reserves in 2018 is:Altun Mountain Nature Reserve(32.94 billion yuan)>Haba Lake Nature Reserve(5.65 billion yuan)>Anxi Extreme Dryland Desert Reserve(5.04 billion yuan)>Hatengtaohai Nature Reserve(2.03 billion yuan);The main source of ecological asset value of Altun Mountain,Haba Lake and Hatengtaohai Nature Reserve is ecosystem service asset value,which accounts for more than 70%.The main source of ecological resource value of Anxi Extreme Drought-Desert Nature Reserve is ecological resource asset value,which accounts for88.64%.The value of ecological assets per unit area of the Nature Reserve was as follows:Haba Lake Nature Reserve(65938.02 yuan/hm~2)>Hartengtaohai Nature Reserve(16525.31 yuan/hm~2)>Anxi Extreme Dryland Desert Reserve(8627.36 yuan/hm~2)>Altun Mountain Nature Reserve(7320.83 yuan/hm~2).(3)The ecological protection cost of Anxi Extreme Dryness Desert Nature Reserve in 2018 was the highest,which was 8204.09×10~4 yuan,followed by Haba Lake Nature Reserve(49.52 million yuan)>Hatengtaohai Nature Reserve(7.93 million yuan)and Altun Mountain Nature Reserve(5.46 million yuan)had the lowest direct cost of ecological protection.The order of ecological protection cost per unit area of the four conservation areas is:Haba Lake Conservation Area(589.55 yuan/hm~2)>Anxi Extreme Drought Desert Reserve(102.55 yuan/hm~2)>Hatengtaohai Nature Reserve(64.15 yuan/hm~2)>Altun Mountain Nature Reserve(1.21 yuan/hm~2).(4)By stepwise linear regression method and principal component analysis(pca)two methods respectively,the ecological compensation of different coefficient,the stakeholders game result shows that give full specified amount of ecological compensation amount to farmers and herdsmen and relevant enterprises can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers and herdsmen and protect the ecological environment,so the anxi extremely dry desert reserve amount per unit area is 1542.99 yuan/hm~2,Hatengtaohai area the ecological compensation of line is 3010.75 yuan/hm~2,Haba Lake nature reserve ecological compensation amount per unit area is 11762.73 yuan/hm~2,the ecological compensation quota of Altun Mountain Nature Reserve is 1338.76 yuan/hm~2.In conclusion,due to the different desert climate zones and different types of protected areas,the Haba Lake Nature Reserve in semi-arid region has the largest ecological asset value and ecological protection cost per unit area;due to the differences of climate and management forms,the value of ecological assets per unit area and the cost of ecological protection per unit area are the smallest in Altun Mountain Nature Reserve in alpine and arid desert area.The value of ecological assets per unit area in Hatengtaohai Nature Reserve in arid area is higher than that in Anxi Extreme Drought Desert Nature Reserve in arid area,but its ecological protection cost is lower than that in Anxi Extreme Drought Desert Nature Reserve.With the purpose of"giving farmers and herdsmen and related enterprises sufficient amount of ecological compensation can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers and herdsmen and enterprises to protect the ecological environment",combining with the social and economic development levels of different protected areas,it is estimated that the ecological compensation quota value of semi-arid desertification area is the largest,followed by arid desertification area,extremely arid desertification area,and the ecological compensation quota value of alpine and arid desert area is the lowest.The research results provide a scientific basis for the establishment of ecological compensation standards in desertification areas.