| Joseph Schumpeter,a famous political economist,pointed out that entrepreneurship is engaged in the innovative destruction and an important factor in promoting economic development.Peter Drucker,a master of management,holds a similar view that innovation is the core of entrepreneurship and the key driving force of economic development.Since the Economic Reform and open up,China’s economy has developed rapidly and entrepreneurship has played a decisive role.Nowadays,China’s economic development is steadily progressing.Innovation is the core motive force to realize the transformation of China’s economy from high-speed growth to high-quality development.Innovation,as the core connotation of entrepreneurship,takes patent as the symbol of entrepreneurship in quantification.In view of the key role of entrepreneurship in economic development,it is particularly important to clarify the evolutionary characteristics of entrepreneurship and explore the influencing factors of entrepreneurship for the reform and transformation of China’s economic system.Theoretically,the research on the influencing factors of entrepreneurship is not yet mature.Some studies have shown that entrepreneurship is influenced by market environment,entrepreneurship personality traits and infrastructure,but there is no systematic research from the perspective of government,enterprises and university-research institutes.In practice,some local governments and enterprises have implemented relevant measures to promote entrepreneurship,but the cooperation and mutual assistance among the main bodies in the regional innovation system need to be further deepened.According to the theoretical gap and practical problems,based on regional innovation system theory,triple helix theory and literature review,this study explores the temporal and spatial evolution and its influencing factors of Chinese entrepreneurship,analyzes the influence of government,enterprises and university-research institutes on entrepreneurship,and explores the regional differences of influencing factors of Chinese entrepreneurship.At the same time,most of the academic achievements on the influencing factors of entrepreneurship regard the region as an independent individual,ignoring the differences of geographical space.Based on the analysis of the spatial and temporal evolution of entrepreneurship,this study attempts to construct a spatial Durbin model of the influencing factors of entrepreneurship,and combines the direct and indirect effects to analyze the influencing factors of entrepreneurship.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From a national perspective,the government,enterprises and university-research institutes are the main factors affecting entrepreneurship.From the indirect effect,the provincial government has a positive role in promoting entrepreneurship in the adjacent provinces,and the enterprises in the province have a certain hindrance to entrepreneurship in the adjacent provinces.(2)From the regional perspective,the government is the main factor to promote entrepreneurship in Eastern China.Enterprises are the main factors to promote entrepreneurship in China Central,but the indirect effect shows that enterprises in China Central will weaken entrepreneurship in neighboring provinces.The entrepreneurship in the Western Region is influenced by the government,enterprises and university-research institutes,but the innovation and development of enterprises in this province will inhibit the promotion of entrepreneurship in the neighbouring provinces to a certain extent.The government,enterprises and university-research institutes all have a significant impact on entrepreneurship in Northeast China,but the university-research institutes in this province have a significant negative impact on entrepreneurship in neighbouring provinces.The innovations of this study are mainly embodied in three aspects:(1)Based on the Triple Helix Theory,this study explores the influence of government,enterprises and university-research institutes on entrepreneurship,which is to apply the Triple Helix Theory in the field of biology to the study of entrepreneurship in the field of management,and to a certain extent broadens the application scope of Triple Helix Theory.(2)This study explores the temporal and spatial evolution of entrepreneurship and its influencing factors,and makes a differential analysis of the influencing factors of entrepreneurship in the four regions.Combining with the spatial Durbin model,this paper studies the direct,indirect and total effects of the influence of government,enterprises and university-research institutes on entrepreneurship,which makes up for the deficiencies of the related research on the influencing factors of entrepreneurship.(3)Drawing on the existing measurement methods and indicators of government,enterprises and university-research as influencing factors,this study perfects the influencing factors indicators of entrepreneurship suitable for China’s actual situation.According to the results of the research,this study provides management inspiration for promoting entrepreneurship:(1)The study confirms the spatial correlation of entrepreneurship in China.Based on this,it is proposed that when formulating policies to stimulate and protect entrepreneurship,provinces and regions should comprehensively analyze the situation of entrepreneurship in neighbouring provinces and regions,strengthen regional cooperation,take advantage of each other’s strengths,and break through the situation of "self-sweeping the snow" in each province and region.(2)According to the results of the research,this study has formed the concept of innovative ecosystem to promote entrepreneurship.It advocates that the government,enterprises and university-research institutes should take into account the roles of other influential subjects while playing their own functions,and seek to jointly promote the development of entrepreneurship. |
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