Study On The Multi-scale Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics And Driving Mechanism Of Regional Economic Differences In China

The economic and social development of China has entered a new era after long-term efforts.The Economic,social,cultural,ecological,political and other fields are glowing with new vitality and momentum in the new era of China,at the same time,the contradiction between people's growing need for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development has become the main contradiction of society,and the unbalanced economic development among different regions is the concentrated reflection of unbalanced and inadequate development.Accelerating the reduction of regional economic development disparities and promoting the coordinated development of regional economy are the foundation and key to solve the major social contradictions in the new era,and are also the driving forces to promote economic and social development.Under the background of this era,based on the perspective of multi-spatial scale,this paper explores the multi-scale spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of regional economic disparities in China since the new century.The study is helpful to understand the spatial-temporal evolution and scale-related characteristics of regional economic disparities at different spatial scales,to provide a realistic basis for formulating strategic policies for coordinated regional economic development,and to further enrich and expand the relevant theoretical and practical research on regional economy and economic geography.This paper is a practical basic research,which is based on the cross-disciplinary perspectives of geography,economics,sociology and management science,it systematically summarizes the theories of regional equilibrium development,unbalanced development,coordinated development,and other related theories in China,and comprehensively organize the relevant researches of both domestic and foreign scholars on regional economic differences;Based on human geography,this paper scientific definition of regional and regional economic differences and other basic concepts,points out that regional economic disparity refers to the difference in the level of comprehensive economic development and the rate of change in the level of development between specific regions in a certain period of time;the difference in the level of comprehensive economic development represents the difference in the state of regional economic development,while the rate of change in the level of development indicatesthe difference in the process of regional economic development and change.On the basis of the above,a multi-scale and multi-mechanism analysis framework of regional economic disparities is constructed from three aspects: logical analysis system,index measurement system and method support system,based on this framework,with the organic combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods,this study empirically analyses the multi-scale spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of regional economic disparities in China,and summarizes the basic principles and countermeasures of coordinated development of regional economy.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are divided into four parts,which are as follows:In the first part,the temporal evolution and scale nesting characteristics of regional economic disparities at different spatial scales are analyzed based on comprehensive index model,difference index model and scale nesting model.The study found that:(1)The absolute difference and relative difference of regional economy show the scale development pattern of “the prefecture level is greater than the provincial level,and the provincial level is greater than the district level”,which means the smaller the spatial scale,the greater the regional economic differences,and the more the regional differences of economic development and growth can be revealed;the trend of regional economic development is more stable and prominent in stages,while the trend of regional economic growth is more volatile;the relative differences in regional economic development are gradually narrowing,while the absolute differences are gradually expanding;(2)The decomposition of scale method shows that the contribution rate of regional economic disparities at prefectural scale to the overall regional economic disparities is higher than that at provincial and regional scales;the decomposition of Taylor index shows that the contribution rate of differences between provincial and interior units to the overall regional economic disparities is higher than that between provinces and regions;In conclusion,the difference in small spatial scales has a higher contribution rate to the overall regional economic differences.In the second part,the spatial differentiation characteristics of regional economic disparities at different spatial scales are compared from three aspects: spatial correlation,spatial classification and spatial zoning based on ESDA model,spatial classification and geostatistics.The results showed that:(1)Regional economic disparities are generally characterized by positive agglomeration,with prefectural scale obviously stronger than provincial scale,which means the smaller the spatial scale is,the more obvious agglomeration characteristics will be shown;the spatial agglomeration characteristics of regional economic development are better than regional economic growth,which means the stability of spatial agglomeration characteristics of regional economic development is stronger,and the fluctuation of spatial agglomeration of regional economic growth is stronger.The spatial correlation of regional economic disparities is mainly positive correlation,and LL type is dominant,the corresponding degree of each scale is high;the cold hot spots show spatial characteristics are similar with local autocorrelation,and the stability of regional economic development is strong,and the jump of regional economic growth is strong.(2)The classification pattern of regional economic development at different spatial scales has high stability and continuity,the middle-low level area occupies the dominant position,and the low-level area distributes in the central and western regions,while the middle-high and high-level areas distribute in coastal agglomeration and inland dispersion.The spatial classification of regional economic growth generally shows the characteristics of agglomeration,and the middle-low and high-level areas occupy the dominant growth type and spatial distribution,and the class pattern has a large jump and a relatively poor correspondence among scales.(3)The coupling of regional economic development and regional economic growth shows a jumping change in spatial distribution,the low level of development-slow growth rate is the main type,which is concentrated in the inland areas of the central and western regions.Regional economic disparities at prefectural level fluctuate obviously.The regions with high base and slow growth are concentrated in the Bohai Rim,the Yangtze River Delta,the West Bank of the Strait and the core areas of the Pearl River Delta.The spatial differentiation characteristics of regional economic development differences are obvious,which are as follows: "clustering" features,the level of regional economic development of urban agglomerations is generally higher;"hierarchical" features,it shows that the economic development differences in a municipality directly under the central government is larger than the provincial and sub-provincial cities,which is larger than the development pattern of ordinary prefecture-level cities;"functional" features,integrated cities are generally stronger than resource-based cities;"ladder" features,showing the development pattern of Eastern central part > western part;and the difference of north and south is significant,and the south is better than the north as a whole;the economic zone difference is obvious,showing the development pattern of the eastern coastal area > the southern coastal area > the northern coastal area > the northeast area > the middle reaches of the Yellow River > the middle reaches of the Yangtze River > the southwest area > the Northwest area;the coastal,border and inland cities have significant differences,showing the development pattern of coastal cities > inland cities > border cities.In the third part,the multiple driving mechanism of regional economic disparities are revealed from two aspects of driving elements and driving factors based on logical analysis,coupling coordination model and spatial econometric model..The results show that: The formation and evolution of spatial-temporal differentiation pattern of regional economic disparities are driven by the interaction of location,economy,society,politics and other factors,which permeate all spatial levels and act together on the spatial-temporal evolution of regional economic disparities at different spatial scales.The analysis of driving factors shows that in the process of formation and evolution of spatial-temporal pattern of regional economic differences,location factors play a fundamental role,economic factors play a decisive role,social factors play a key role,and political factors play a driving role.Driving factor analysis shows that there are differences in contribution rate and action area of driving factors at different scales.In general,the increase or promotion of factors such as per capita fixed production investment,total employment population,total import and export,total deposit and loan per capita,per capita financial expenditure,urbanization level,mobile phone users,comprehensive utilization rate of solid waste and density of highway network will help to improve the level of regional economic development,and the reduction of pollutants plays a positive role in regional economic development,while the role of the proportion of tertiary industry,urban-rural income gap,the number of college students and other factors needs to be further enhanced.The driving factors of economic development generally show that the coastal areas are higher than the inland areas,the eastern areas are higher than the central and western areas,and the southeast areas are higher than the northwest areas,amd the south is higher than the north.In the fourth part,the countermeasures and suggestions for coordinated development of regional economy are summarized.The excessive regional economic disparities will have a negative impact on the operation of national economy and the stable development of political society.Therefore,the coordinated development of regional economy is imperative;The basic principles include paying attention to the coordination of small-scale regional economic development,the coordinated development of regional overall system,the combination of market regulation and government regulation,the combination of coordinated development and unbalanced development,and the combination of rational planning and effective implementation;the strategy enlightenment is mainly proposed from three aspects: deepening the coordinated development strategy of regional economy,consolidating the coordinated development of regional economy,and innovating the coordinated development mechanism of regional economy.