| As the growth pole of regional economy,the urban is regarded as a well-self-organized system conducted by the agglomeration benefits,and with the continually scale and efficiency evolution optimization of each city,and therefore gradually forms up a city-cluster functioning as a basic regional development unit under the interaction between agglomeration “gravity” and diffusion “repulsion”.In fact,in a particular region,the urban system consists of different cities which are interdependent in economy,diversified in function and scaled as a hierarchy system,i.e.,urban agglomeration,which has been the basic spatial unit of regional economic layout and regulation.Functioning as a spatial carrier of regional economic activities,the acquisition cost of land is inducing factors of centrifugal force of urban agglomeration.On the one hand,spatial difference and grade distribution of the land economic value is the basic reference of microeconomic subjects in their location choice;on the other hand,the illiquidity and scarcity of land is constraint factor to continuous agglomerating of economic activities.Hence,exploring the correlational relationship between land cost and urban agglomeration within a complete urban system unit is significant to optimizing enterprises and residents’ decision-making in selecting location,so that industrial functions may be promoted and the furthermore the spatial structure in metropolitan area may be improved.From the perspective of urban agglomeration benefits and agglomeration costs,this paper discusses the interactive mechanism between land cost and urban agglomeration within an urban agglomeration.The main research contents and results include the following four aspects:Firstly,determining the connotation and research boundary of urban agglomeration based on the worldwide literature review.It is pointed out that urban agglomeration is the product of agglomeration economy development to urban agglomeration economy stage,and also the result of continuous optimization and reorganization of enterprise division of labor,specialization of labor,diversification division of labor and regional division of labor.Derivate the logical starting point of researching the relationship between land cost and urban agglomeration from the characteristics of economy(agglomeration benefit)and uneconomy(agglomeration cost)of urban agglomeration.Based on the UrbanPyramid System Theory,constructing the spatial evolution model of agglomeration fluidity-degree under the direction of centripetal force of “urban in single-center and multi-level city system”,reveal the formation mechanism of urban agglomeration,and propose the “S” curve hypothesis of urban agglomeration spatial distribution.Secondly,at the theoretical level,explaine the gradient distribution law of land cost in urban agglomeration by the theory of differential rent and cumulative causality and interpretate the restriction of land cost on the benefit of urban agglomeration by the filter theory.Analyze the filtering effect of land cost from the perspective of land supply side and demand side: on the supply side,the limitation of land supply reduces the surplus that the microeconomic subject obtains from land;on the demand side,land cost has a constraint effect on the location selection utility of residential consumer utility enterprises and the utility caused by urban infrastructure construction,constructing landuse capital model to breaking down the role of land cost on enterprise site selection.At the empirical level,the results of VAR model show that the transmission force of land cost to urban agglomeration is different in cities: in high agglomerating degree cities,the commercial-service land cost’s filtering effect is more significant in the short and long term;industrial land costs of cities with moderate agglomerating degree have strong transmission power in short-term but commercial-service land cost has obvious transmission power in long term;industrial land costs of low agglomerating degree cities have strong transmission power in short term and in long term the residential land cost is stronger and the transmission power of commercial service land cost is negative.Static panel regression model test results display that when land cost is about 500 Yuan,it has filtering effect on urban agglomeration benefits,which has filtering effect on industrial agglomeration benefits,when roses to 600 Yuan.Thirdly,urban agglomerating degree measurement results show that from 2006 to 2015 and regional specific directional difference index display that the urban agglomerating degree of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei shows an increasing trend.The difference of agglomerating degree between cities is clear,forming the trend which Beijing and Tianjin as the center of the region of high concentration degree,node cities cluster from central cities to the trend of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration of peripheral from high to low overall.According to the calculated urban agglomerating index,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei cities can be divided into three types: high agglomeration city,medium agglomeration city and low agglomeration city.Beijing and Tianjin are in the first category;Tangshan,Shijiazhuang,Handan city,Baoding,Cangzhou,and Langfang belong to the second type;Hengshui,Xingtai,Zhangjiakou and Chengde and Qinhuangdao belong to the low concentration degrees.The spatial difference of urban agglomeration is obvious.The level of urban agglomeration in Beijing and Tianjin is much higher than that in Hebei Region.Finally,the "S" curve distribution characteristics of urban agglomeration are verified by the combination of index measurement and curve simulation.The data of central city agglomeration degree,diffusion degree and agglomeration degree and dispersion degree of urban agglomeration indicate that Beijing’s ability of external diffusion as a central city of urban agglomeration has improved since 2014.In terms of the overall urban agglomeration,after 2013,the degree of agglomeration increased and the degree of dispersion decreased.Logistic curve fitting results confirmed the existence of "S" curve.Moreover,when the urban population of Beijing-tianjin-hebei city was 18581325,the urban agglomeration increased at an inflection point,and the urban agglomeration changed from an increasing trend to a declining trend.Anyway,the study upon the theme has clarified land costs’ filtering effect on urban agglomeration theoretically,testified the hypothesis by static panel regression method and disclosed the transmission mechanism from land costs to urban agglomeration with VAR model,expecting to provide references on the construction of urban governance system and differentiated landuse in future. |
PDF Full Text Request