Historical Changes And Realistic Construction Of China's Media Property Rights System

Since 1949,the time that the founding of the people's Republic of China,the media in our country have been positioned as public institutions,shouldering the task of political propaganda,relying entirely on state financial allocations and not engaging in any business activities.Since 1978,the Party and the government have redefined the attributes of the media:"institutions","Enterprise management",the resumption of advertising operations,the reopening of the media market.the separation of collection and management from the future,and the reform of the media system,such as media collectivization,have also chosen the mixed institutional framework of "institutions,""enterprise-like management".At this time,the identity of media units was not clear,they were institutions,they did not possess the qualifications of independent market subjects,and they were owned by the state,however also participate in the market competition for profit.The identity of the institution made it get the national policy tilt and the huge profits from the market.But at the same time,the ownership of property rights of media units becomes blurred.The administrative monopoly of media market makes the market trade behavior out of order,the function of incentive and restraint mechanism is weakened,and the transaction costs increase.This has seriously restricted the development of the media industry.It should be said that the initial reform of the Chinese media industry has achieved some results,but it is only a partial adjustment that is made at the level of the meso and micro management mechanism,,with emphasis on incremental reform within the framework of the established system.The reform of the property right system is not conducive to the long-term development of the media industry.Under the background of economic globalization and digital technology,with the gradual improvement of the socialist market economic system,the mixed system has become the bottleneck of the development of the media industry in China.In 2003,the reform of the cultural system divided the cultural units into cultural industries and cultural undertakings,which was a major innovation and breakthrough for the core system of the media.At the same time,it also provides policy support for the development of Chinese media industry.Over the past 30 years or so,the reform of China's media system has gone through various and multi-level changes from content to channel,from media to market,from management to management,from inside to outside,and the reform has entered deep water areas.Some media reforms in our country have actually touched on the property right system from the bottom up,and the reform of Mudanjiang News Media Group is a typical case.However,the existing media property rights system reform in our country mainly focuses on the micro perspective of enterprises.The purpose and scope involved are limited to solving the problem of a media or media group,whereas for the media property rights system,in the absence of a framework of property rights systems with a State perspective,At the same time,the existing academic research has not provided a certain theoretical framework for a more comprehensive understanding of the media property rights system.Therefore,the reform can only rely on practice in the "groping" hard forward,strengthening the theoretical research in this area is undoubtedly of great value.Regarding the importance of the media property right system,there has been a consensus in the academic field.Most scholars think that the media property right system is very important to the media reform and development of our country.Even so.In the media property rights system of some basic theoretical research,the academic community is still lack of holistic thinking,and has not carried out related historical research,what exactly is media property rights,its role and function?Which level and angle can carry out the media property right system research?To solve these problems,we should study the media property right system in depth.The development of the media depends on whether the property right system of the media can produce adaptive changes in the new institutional environment,that is,whether the outside profits can be internalized.Therefore,it is very important to study the change of media property right system in order to promote the development of media industry in our country.Because of the lack of systematic research,the theory lags behind the practice,which leads to the malpractice arising from the reform.The practical significance of this paper is to provide the corresponding theoretical basis and reasonable suggestions for the policy formulation through studying the reform of the media property right system,and to guide and standardize the orderly operation of the media industry.Based on the problem of the reform of the media property right system,this paper synthetically uses the literature research method,the historical and the realistic comparison method,the normative analysis and the empirical research method,and takes the property right theory and the institutional change theory as the theoretical resources.From the perspective of macro level and micro level,this paper frstly analyzes the law of the change of media property right system;secondly,aiming at the problems existing in the field of media property right,it respectively carry on the research,which reforms the media ownership system from the macro state level,perfect the property right transaction market system;establish and perfect the media legal person governance structure on the microcosmic enterprise level,and the supporting system of media property right system reform at last;straighten out the relationship of the media property right among the country,market and enterprise,providing feasible countermeasures for the reform of media property right system in China.According to the the basic ideas of "problem-review of research-theoretical basis-problem analysis-countermeasures and suggestions,the article has constructed the basic research framework:firstly,the analysis of the research background,research significance on the topics of China media property rights system reform,and the reviews the research results of scholars at home and abroad media property system finally,the research framework of this article,research methods in a brief introduction,which is the import part of the full text.Secondly,the theoretical basis of property rights of media system reform.This chapter provides an overview of the theory of institutional change,and the content of this paper is the theory of property rights,analyzes the important relationship between the content and the reform of property rights,the definition of the media and system of property rights,the similarities and differences of media ownership and property rights of media system are compared,provides a theoretical basis for this paper to carry out detailed follow-up study.Thirdly,The logic of history and Enlightenment of the reform of the media property right system.The reform of property right system of media organization is to evolve in the political,economic and cultural specific conditions,so in this paper,a comprehensive in-depth analysis of the development and evolution process of Chinese media system of property rights,so as to form the background of cognitive status of Chinese media property right system change.fourthly,the analysis of the existing the media property right system in China.Based on collecting related media property system data,the current status of China media property system were analyzed and summarized in depth in order to find out the key problems caused by the plight of governance,the basic direction of the establishment of property rights of media system reform.Fifthly,the main direction of the reform of Chinese media ownership system and Realization of the path.Based on an overview of the world media ownership and analysis Chinese media ownership evolution process,put forward the premise of China state ownership property rights of media system reform is property rights,so it is necessary to define property rights,authorization management,diversification of property rights is a breakthrough in the reform of property right system.Sixthly,improve the media governance structure under property right constraints.Based on the definition of governance structure,analyzes the differences between Chinese media and the common governance structure of corporate governance structure,reveals the particularity of Chinese media governance structure,and the existing corporate governance structure of the media group in our country were analyzed,proposed media governance is a very complicated process,should from the external,internal,government three aspects,on this basis,to explore the special management unit system,continue to promote the transformation of media shares.Seventhly,the construction of property rights of media market system.The assets of property rights of media market system significance and how to establish a market-oriented media evaluation system,defines the meaning of the media property transactions market,the functions of media property trading market,analyzes the structure of multiple media property rights,explains the media property trading market,the market entry rules,market competition rules,market trading rules,the establishment of a media property right transaction market supervision system.Eightly,supporting institutions of the reform and innovation of media property rights.The transformation of government functions is the essential premise for the reform of property right system,relevant policies and regulations coordination is a necessary guarantee for the reform of property rights system,the establishment of social service system is the development of the reform of property right system,investment and financing channels is an important condition for the reform of property rights system,the establishment of insurance media system is an effective risk sharing mechanism in the reform of property right system.Finally,the main research results are summarized,and pointed out that future research can further deepen,The author hopes that through continuous efforts to study and solve the problem that the reform is not complete and is only a temporary solution about licensing media property rights reform in our country,corporate governance structure,property right transaction,the supporting system,and explore the possibility of various forms of ownership for attaching great importance to the reform of the media system of property rights from the government,society and academia,to really achieve efficiency and fairness in the media.