The Study Of Sport Industry Policy In China From The Perspective Of National Governance

Currently the rapid and well-ordered development of Chinese sport industry shows an urgent need of policy support from the authorities. The expounding to embark on deeper and wider reforms during the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee, as well as the institutional setup of governance offers substantial impetus for China's political modernization. Especially for a political system with a low level institutionalization which is not fully developed and is in the process of institutional transition from the old to the new, the government's policy actions and effects seem more important. Favorable policy output can serve as an important way to lead institutional setup and to compensate for the institutional deficiency and gaps. Therefore, this study aims at improving the governance of sport industry policy which is consistent with the modernization of national governance, with the methods of documents, interview, comparison research, model and sample analysis, case study. The study tries to examine and analyze thoroughly the historical change, determinants, development constraints, policy attributes, values, process and development model of sport industry policy in China. The main conclusions are as follows:1. The development of sport industry policy in China has experienced three stages, that is, from "the government-controlled sport management" to "the tentative reform of sport industry management", and then to "the market-driven development of sport industry". It has realized the attribute transition of from the single "public" to the dual "public" and "industrial"; and the direction of sport industry policy transits from focusing on social development and operation only by the government to focusing on economic development and multipartite cooperation.2. The establishment of sport industry policy is interrelated with factors such as socio-economic conditions, institutional and international environments and so on. Among the factors, economic environment is the foothold while economic power is the basic material requirements to formulate and implement the sport industry policy. The social factors of economic condition will have effect on the goal and direction of the sport industry policy. The establishment of sports industry policy system is based on the regulation and distribution of the socio-economic benefits. Institutional environment determines the nature of the sport industry policy, the degree of democratization and legalization, as well as the policy information input.3. At present, the primary governance issues of our sport industry policy are: the elite governance of sport industry policy, the "top-down" policy implementation, the public participation in policy process, and the institutionalization of sport industry policy process. These problems have choked off the scientific development of China's sport industry policy.4. The trends of international sport industry indicate that the sport industry policy is originally formulated by respective authorities, slowly switched to the direct intervention by the government. The sport industry policy path goes back to be government-led. And the trends also suggest that the sport industry policy is a major governance tool of the government which serves the governance of a country. These international sport environments will also directly affect the path selection and governance of China's sports industry policy.5. From the perspective of national governance, China's sport industry policy must simultaneously have the attributes of public policy, economy, sport and governance. These attributes determine that the functional value produced by China's sport industry policy should cover the guiding value, the incentive value, the integrated value, the normative value and the feedback value. The prerequisites for the realization of these values are the diversity of policy participants, the openness of the policy process and evaluability of policy effect in terms of the institutional construction of sport industry policy.6. From the perspective of national governance, the value of China's sport industry policy should be realized through the establishment of the following concepts:people-centered, service prioritized, coordinated, law-governed and source-oriented. According to the comprehensive decision-making model, a model of three stages ranging from the early to middle and to long-term is established to realize the government-society-market cooperation, break through the drawbacks of governance regimes, innovate the management methods and promote the optimization of sport industry.