| Poultry meat is an important source of high-quality protein,minerals,and vitamins and its Global demand is exponentially increasing every year.Meanwhile,the poultry industry in tropical and sub-tropical regions(mostly in developing countries)is under immense heat stress during summer season.Negative consequences already exist and every year they are getting more and more serious.The adverse effects of HS in poultry production include decreased feed intake,lower body weight gain and carcass yield,diminished meat quality,decreased immune response and high mortality.Biochemical and physiological events associated with hyperthermia can potentially promote reactive oxygen species(ROS)formation.Excessive levels of ROS can cause oxidative injury,resulting into severe cellular damage,particularly to meat and different important organs like liver,spleen,thymus,kidneys,brain and myocardium.Antioxidants,most importantly vitamin E(VE)and selenium(Se)play a major role in protecting cells by reducing free radicals while preventing the peroxidation of lipids.Selenium is an integral component of glutathione peroxidase(GPx),which is important part of the cell's defense system.Vitamin E is the major lipid-soluble antioxidant protects the membranes of cells.Recent research suggested that Selenium and vitamin E work in alliance and it may be more effective in improving the antioxidative defense system of cells and tissues.Therefore,the present study is designed to evaluate the synergic effect of Selenium and Vitamin E in improving the growth performance,meat quality,antioxidant capacity,immune response and on the expression heat shock proteins in broilers under heat stress condition.Influence of dietary Se and VE supplementation on the performance,meat quality traits and gene expression related to lipid metabolism in meat of broilers reared under heat stress condition.The effects of sodium selenite(SS)and Vitamin E(VE)alone or in combination(Se+VE)on the selenium concentration,antioxidant enzyme activities,meat quality traits and expression of genes related to lipid metabolism were investigated in chicken breast meat.The results showed that Se and Se+VE supplementation significantly increased(p<0.05)the Se concentration in the meat.All the treatments significantly increased(p<0.05)the activities of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),and decreased(p<0.05)the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in breast meat at 42 days of age.In the present studySe+VEsupplementation significantly increased(p<0.05)breast meat pH,color,water-holding capacity,and sensory characteristics whereas decreased the lightness,shear force and drip loss in the meat..In addition,Se+VE and VE improved the lipid metabolism of meat as observed by genetic quantification of cPLA2,H-FABP and PPAR-? genes.These findings suggests that combined treatment of Se and VE are potential feed additives to improve the oxidative stability,lipid metabolism and meat quality of broilers exposed to heat stressEffect of Dietary Selenium,Vitamin E,and their combination on gene expression of selenoproteins and heat shock proteins in the meat of broiler reared under high ambient temperature.The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary selenium(Se)and vitamin E(VE)or their combination on mRNA level of heat shock proteins(HSP60,HSP70 and HSP90),Selenoprotein P,Glutathione Peroxidase(GPx1 and GPx4),antioxidant enzyme activities,and lipid oxidation in the breast meat of broilers under chronic heat stress conditions.A total of 200 one day old male broilers(Ross 308)were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed a basal diet(Con,0.08 mg/kg Se)or basal diets with added VE(250 mg/kg VE),sodium selenite(0.2 mg/kg Se),or Se+VE(0.2 mg/kg Se+250 mg/kg VE)respectively,for 42 days.Dietary Se,VE and Se+VE significantly(P<0.05)increased the activities and mRNA levels of Catalase,SOD and decreased the mRNA levels of HSP70 and HSP90.Se alone or combined with VE increased the concentration of SelP and selenoproteins mRNA level and decreased the expression of Hsp60.However,all the treatments significantly decreased MDA level in the breast meat.The maximal effects of these parameters were observed in Se+VE supplemented group.On the behalf of given results it is concluded that Se+VEis a feasible dietary supplementation of broilers to ameliorate the negative effects of heat stress in broilers during the summer season.The effect of Selenium,Vitamin E and their combination on antioxidant status,heat shock proteins and inflammatory cytokines in immune organs of chicken under heat stress condition.The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary selenium(Se)and the Vitamin E(VE)on pro-inflammatory cytokines,heat shock proteins and antioxidant status in broiler chicks under heat stress condition.Two hundred broilers were randomly assigned to a basal diet(Con)and basal diet supplemented with 0.2 mg/kg SS(Se group),or 250 mg/kg VE(VE group),or 0.2 mg/kg Se and 250 mg/kg VE(Se+VE group)for 42 days.Se and Se+VE generally increased(P<0.05)the SOD and GPx activities of allthe organs where asVit.E increased(P<0.05)SOD activity in spleen and Bursa of fabricius.All the dietary treatments significantly(P<0.05)decreased MDA level of each organs.The results indicated that HS-induced immune dysfunction was alleviated by treatment with Se and VE in different immune organs.However,Se only could not modulated INF-? in spleen,IL-6 in bursa,IL-4 in thymus,HSP60 in thymus and bursa,and HSP90 in thymus.Whereas,VE could not alleviated IL-4 in thymus and bursa,INF-? in thymus,HSP60 in spleen and thymus and HSP90 in thymus.Therefore,on the basis of above results it is concluded that the Se and VE played different roles in improving the immune response in heat stressed chicken.Among the affected organs,the bursa of fabricius and spleen was the primary target of HS.ConclusionThese findings vouch that the combined treatment of selenium and VE act as potential nutritive supplement that is capable of improving the growth performance,meat quality and endogenous antioxidant defense system of broilers during the summer season.Meanwhile,the Se+VE supplementation in conventional broiler feed can improve the immune system of broilers by enhancing the endogenous antioxidant defense system which eventually suppresses the lipid oxidation,inflammatory response and by regulating the heat shock proteins in the tropical and subtropical regions.In addition,all these findings anticipate that Se or VE could be a prime strategy to ameliorate heat stress effects in broilers;and a combination of VE and selenium may lead to mutual synergistic effects.It is concluded that dietary use of Se+VE as a feed supplement may offer a potential nutritional strategy in tropical and subtropical regions to overcome the deleterious effects of persistent summer heat stress in broiler production... |
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