| “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets,menwhile,the human need both of them,which not only means reflecting the people's yearning and pursuit of better life but also realizing ecological civilization that the harmony is between the humans and nature.” At present,with the accelerating development of the industrialization and urbanization,the problems of resources,environment and ecology have arisen and contradiction between human and land has aggraved.The ecological civilization is advocated based on reviewing the relationship between human and land,which meet the situation of economic and social development in China and is the inevitable choice for human economic sustainable development,so it is necessaary to deeply analyse the concept of ecological civilization,explore the spatial differentiation characteristics and effects of regional ecological civilization system and its elements,identify Problems of the construction of regional ecological civilization and carry out the study on comprehensive division of ecological civilization.The paper analyze systematically the spatial difference of the elements of ecological civilization,the spatial effect of the level of ecological civilization and the identification of regional problems and the comprehensive division in Fujian Province,which is based on systematically reviewing research background of ecological civilization,related research overview and theoretical basis of ecological civilization,using the basic geographic data,natural environment data and social and economic data,building Mesh Lattice Units,county level and watershed unit and utilizing Spatial interpolation analysis,nuclear density estimation and accessibility analysis.The paper contains eight chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,which analyze the research background and significance,sets up the objects and make up research framework and content.The second chapter is the research review and related theoretical basis,combing the relevant research of ecological civilization,and reviewing and looking forward to the research direction of ecological civilization.In the third chapter,three main themes of ecological civilization evaluation in Fujian Province are determined: analysis of spatial pattern of ecological civilization,analysis of spatial effect of ecological civilization and study of ecological civilization regionalization.Based on this,the evaluation index system of ecological civilization is constructed.The fourth chapter analyzes the spatial differentiation characteristics of the five elements of ecological civilization.The fifth chapter,based on the analysis of the five elements,analyzes the comprehensive integration and spatial effect of ecological civilization,and explores the spatial coupling relationship between ecological civilization and regional development.In the sixth chapter,Fujian Province is divided into several ecological civilization regions and sub level communities based on the combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis.In the seventh chapter,the author discusses the optimization control suggestions and realization ways of ecological civilization construction based on the evaluation results and problems of ecological civilization in Fujian Province.The last chapter is the summary of the research results and the prospect of future research.(1)The ecological civilization system consists of five elements: resource bearing,environmental pressure,ecological assets,development capacity and zero carbon emission.As a whole,the resource carrying capacity is characterized by high in the eastern coastal area and the western area,and low in the central area.The areas with strong carrying capacity are mainly distributed in the northwest and coastal areas,which constitute the core area of resource carrying in Fujian Province.The characteristics of overall environmental pressure is high in the eastern coastal areas and low in the western and northern areas.the large pressure areas are mainly concentrated in some areas of Quanzhou,Zhangzhou and Longyan.The total value of ecological assets is relatively high,but the spatial distribution of it is unbalanced,which gradually decrease from northwest to southeast.Meanwhile,it has a negative correlation with regional development,and That is to say,the high value areas of ecological assets mostly correspond to the low economic density areas.The spatial difference of the adaptability of development capacity is significant,showing the spatial distribution characteristics that the eastern coastal area is significantly better than the western inland area,and diffusion from the city center to the outside in municipal district.The total regional carbon emission is in the pattern of "high in the East and low in the west",while the carbon absorption is contrary to the carbon emission.According to the carbon emission and carbon absorption,Fujian Province is dominated by carbon-sequestration in general,the ecological carrying coefficient of carbon emission is high in most regions and the ecological capacity redundancy is large.(2)There is significant spatial heterogeneity of ecological civilization level in Fujian Province.High value areas are concentrated in some counties and districts of Nanping and Sanming,which forms the core area of ecological civilization spatial pattern;while low value areas are mainly concentrated in Yongtai,Xianyou and other areas along the east coast,which set up the marginal zone of ecological civilization distribution pattern.The level of ecological civilization in both the county scale and the basin scale shows the characteristics of unbalanced spatial distribution and the significant phenomenon of spatial aggregation.However,there are obvious differences between the county scale and the basin scale.The ecological civilization level of the county is mainly high-level,which contains extremely high and high level of ecological civilization and cover nearly half of the province's county units and area;On the other hand,the level of ecological civilization at the scale of river basin is mainly high and medium,and the number and areas of river basins that are above the medium level account for about half of the province.(3)The level of ecological civilization at the county level shows a positive spatial autocorrelation in space,in other words,the level of ecological civilization in the county has agglomeration effect in space.Meanwhile,the level of ecological civilization in the basin also presents a strong positive correlation,That is to say,the basins with higher and lower level of ecological civilization tend to cluster.Both of them are that "hot spot area" and "cold spot area" account for a relatively small proportion,and there is a great similarity in the Local spatial between County unit and water unit,that is to say,a significant "hot spot area" is formed in the northwest,while a significant "cold spot area" is formed in the southeast coastal area.However,they shows significant differences in some parts,especially in the spatial distribution of the "hot spot" area.the spatial distribution of the "hot spot" area at water unit is more centralized and continuous than that of the county scale and show the characteristics of centralized and contiguous distribution;at the same time,both the "hot spot" and the "cold spot" area at the water unit is obvious Larger than that at the county unit.The level of ecological civilization has a negative correlation between economic development and the spatial distribution of population,and that means the areas with high level of economic development and dense population are mostly corresponding to low level of ecological civilization.on the contrary,the northwest inland areas that are high level of ecological civilization are underdeveloped economic and social development in Fujian Province.(4)The comprehensive division of ecological civilization in Fujian Province is based on the quantitative evaluation of ecological civilization elements.considering the material civilization and spiritual civilization in the process of ecological civilization,the whole province are divided into different spatial levels,complete and independent ecological civilization units.In the process of the comprehensive division of ecological civilization,the spatial differentiation that reflect the elements of ecological civilization and the organic connection among different ecological civilization units are considered,Therefore,the results of division can provide scientific support for the implementation of the policies and measures for optimizing the construction of ecological civilization.According to the plan of ecological civilization division,Fujian Province is divided into five ecological civilization regions and several ecological civilization sub regions.The ecological civilization region includes the East Fujian Ecological Civilization region,the North Fujian Ecological Civilization region,the central Fujian Ecological Civilization region,the West Fujian Ecological Civilization region and the South Fujian Ecological Civilization region.(5)Based on the quantitative and comprehensive evaluation of the current situation of the ecological civilization in Fujian Province,the existing problems of the regional ecological civilization in Fujian Province are identified in depth,including the uncoordinated problems between the level of the ecological civilization and the regional development and the imbalance among the elements of the ecological civilization system.In view of the problems existing in the development process of the regional ecological civilization,the optimization suggestions for the construction of regional ecological civilization are put forward from the aspects of elements and levels. |
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