| With the acceleration of industrialization,urbanization and internationalization in China,a series of uncoordinated and unsustainable problems have emerged in economic and social development.All kinds of complex and interrelated public affairs surpass the limitation of administrative division as regional issues.The original administrative division is difficult to cope with the increasingly complex and changeable regional public problems,especially the problem of trans regional environmental pollution.The mobility of geographical elements leads to the deviation between the environmental pollution boundary and the administrative boundary.The high permeability and indivisibility of the pollution problems between different regions bring great challenges to the single administrative region pollution control model,and the increasingly frequent environmental pollution events in the trans administrative region reflect the local government’s individual rationality and regional environment.The contradiction between the ecological deterioration of the irrational results.In addition,differences in the level of economic development also lead to differences in fiscal capacity among different regions,leading to a disequilibrium in the level of basic public services.Therefore,under the background of the space nature,entirety and complexity of environmental problems,local governments need to move from "divide and rule" to a diversified partnership.In the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee,the party clearly pointed out that "finance is the foundation and important pillar of national governance".The financial cooperation between local governments has a strong adjustment and domination ability in financial and tax policy,fund raising and capital allocation.It has a great impact on reducing the difference of regional financial capacity,coordinating regional environmental governance behavior,and maintaining the long-term and stability of cross regional cooperation in environmental governance.However,based on individual value and interest demands,the pursuit of maximization of economic benefits has intensified the resource competition and financial competition among regions,resulting in the weakening of the promoting role of inter regional financial cooperation on environmental governance.Therefore,how to break the limitations of the existing administrative divisions,coordinate the interests of different subjects,change the concept of competition among regions,form the concept of cooperation and competition,and institutionalize the cross regional financial cooperation,so as to effectively play an important role in promoting the finance in the cross regional environmental governance;and how to avoid the poor implementation of environmental policy and the lack of environmental policy.It is the core issue of this article to solve the problem of cooperation and promote dialogue and cooperation on the basis of full trust.Based on this,this paper makes a systematic study on the role of the cross domain financial cooperation on environmental governance along the technical line of "theoretical research-realistic inspection-Empirical Analysis-Empirical Analysis-countermeasure research".The necessity of inter regional financial cooperation is clarified in theory,and according to relevant practice on the basis of summarizing and summarizing the advanced international experience,the path of cross regional financial cooperation is built on the basis of summarizing the advanced international experience.The main contents are as follows:First,the theoretical basis of cross regional financial cooperation in environmental governance.Starting from the definition of environmental governance and cross regional financial cooperation,this paper expounds the theoretical basis of cross regional financial cooperation in environmental governance.Cross regional financial cooperation is the way between two or more than two different administrative regions in order to meet the public needs and achieve common financial goals,and cooperate with each other to carry out financial action.On the basis of concept definition,the necessity of cross regional financial cooperation in environmental governance is demonstrated from five aspects:regional public goods theory,externality theory,game theory,intergovernmental relationship theory,and environmental governance power and expenditure responsibility theory.Analyzed the impact mechanism of cross regional financial cooperation on environmental governance.The influence mechanism of cross regional financial cooperation on environmental governance is deeply analyzed from four aspects:the motivation,model,system of cross regional financial cooperation and the mechanism of promoting environmental governance by cross regional financial cooperation.Second,the status quo of cross regional financial cooperation in environmental governance.Taking Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Pan-Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta as examples,this paper analyzes the status quo of cross-regional financial cooperation in environmental governance in China from three aspects:the status quo of regional environmental pollution,the top-level design of intergovernmental cooperation in pollution control and the status quo of cooperation.Specialized coordinating bodies,common codes of conduct and transparent information management platforms have effectively promoted cooperation.Third,the analysis of cross regional financial cooperation in environmental governance.Although the corresponding mechanism of cross-regional cooperation in environmental governance in China has been built out of the model,but the failure of movement-oriented governance,serious fragmentation,imperfect interest coordination mechanism,loosening of ecological environment cooperation mechanism and other issues still can not be ignored,these problems constitute the practical plight of cross-regional financial cooperation in environmental governance in China.This part analyzes the influencing factors of cross-regional financial cooperation in environmental governance from three aspects:the concept of local government cooperation,the divided management system and the local government financial cooperation guarantee mechanism.Specifically,the concept of local government cooperation is mainly influenced by the maximization of local government interests,the incentive mechanism for political promotion and the rigid indicators in the field of environmental protection under the pressure-based system;the restrictions of the partitioned management system on local government cooperation are mainly reflected in the rigid constraints of administrative division,the limitations of environmental management system and In addition,the deficiencies of the safeguard mechanisms,such as fiscal restraint under decentralized fiscal system,imperfect information sharing mechanism,absence of regulatory standards and inconsistent supervision and punishment mechanisms,also affect the realization of fiscal cooperation among local governments.Fourth,environmental governance cross regional fiscal cooperation expenditure research.Environmental governance is an important aspect of the responsibility of the government.This part divides the expenditure responsibility of the central finance and local finance based on the three principles of the public environmental needs,the scope of the government’s ability and the related relations.The central finance is responsible for the national environmental governance and ecological protection from the macro overall level,such as the prevention of the unknown environmental risks,the handling of emergency ecological environmental events,and the construction of a strong spillover of the ecological environment infrastructure and other investment projects.At the same time,the local government assumes the environmental responsibility of the area.At the same time,relying on the ecological function zone planning to define the Intergovernmental environmental power,based on "who pollution,who governs","who benefits,who compensation" principle to balance the regional differences and promote regional cooperation.On the basis of determining the responsibility of financial expenditure at all levels,a regression model is established,and the influence factors of the environmental protection financial expenditure are analyzed.The empirical results show that the increase of fiscal decentralization and government competition has changed the local government’s environmental protection preference,which leads to the continuous reduction of the local government’s environmental protection financial expenditure.Then the lateral transfer payment of environmental governance based on ecological compensation is analyzed in three aspects from the advantages of the ecological compensation lateral transfer payment,the establishment of principles and the attribution of the source of funds.Horizontal transfer payment of ecological compensation can effectively reduce transaction costs,improve the social and economic benefits of resources,and improve the efficiency of the use of ecological compensation funds.The principle of this system is compensation for the beneficiaries(Payment for the saboteurs),equality of rights and responsibilities,fairness and diversity.From the angle of benefit and fair development,we put forward the mechanism of improving the financial ecological compensation fund of the central government and the beneficiary areas,and set up the ecological compensation mechanism,which is based on the horizontal transfer payment and the vertical transfer payment as the supplement.Finally,based on the emission rights transaction and the cost method,the ecological compensation quota of the Yangtze River Basin and Beijing Tianjin Hebei region was calculated respectively,in order to provide reference for the transversal transfer payment of ecological compensation among regions.Fifth,international experience in cross regional cooperation in environmental governance.On the basis of combing the advanced experience on the trans regional cooperation of environmental governance in the United States,Brazil,Europe and Northeast Asia,the common characteristics of trans regional cooperation in environmental governance in different countries and regions are summarized on the basis of international action on greenhouse gas emission reduction.The main emphasis on intergovernmental cooperation,adequate financial security,the establishment of an authoritative coordination organization,a perfect legal system,and the aid of advanced technical support,provide a reference for the environmental governance concept,institution setting and institutional guarantee for the cross regional cooperation of environmental governance in China.Sixth,put forward the proposal to build a cross regional financial cooperation mechanism for environmental governance.It concludes scientifically that "ecological priority,fairness and justice,common but differentiated" is the general principle of cross-regional financial cooperation in environmental governance;it puts forward the functional orientation of making up for market "failure" and realizing the equalization of basic public services through horizontal payment;and it also promotes environmental governance among local governments by constructing a holistic organizational system.It is proposed that the concept of cooperation among local governments should be fostered by changing the concept of competition,enhancing the benefits of cross-regional cooperation and compatibility in environmental governance and enhancing inter-governmental social capital.Five aspects,namely,balance of interests,perfection of relevant laws and regulations,perfection of government assessment system,establishment and perfection of integrated ecological accountability mechanism,are to promote consultation and cooperation among local governments in environmental governance,laying a foundation for cross-regional financial cooperation in environmental governance.Five policy suggestions are put forward to construct an institutionalized mechanism of cross-regional financial cooperation in environmental governance,including the expenditure system of regional financial cooperation,the improvement of the transfer payment system of environmental protection finance,the establishment of an effective supervision and restraint mechanism,and the establishment of a multi-subject cooperation mechanism. |
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