A Study On Industrial Structure Adjustment Of Resource Based Region And Tax System Optimization

Since the reform and opening-up,we have witnessed China's rapid economic development.The remarkable achievements have made China the focus of world attention.However,as its rapid growth,lots of problems about the structural discrepancy protrude.Especially,since entering the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan",the Chinese economy suffered from impact of global financial crisis.Sustained rapid economic growth has been constrained by a series of structural problems,such as insufficient effective demand,overcapacity in some industries,widening income disparities and the unbalanced regional development.Now time China's economy has entered a period of new normal in medium-high economic growth.The 18 th Party Congress of China proposed that “To promote the strategic adjustment of economic structure is the main direction of the accelerated transformation of the mode of economic development”.Anyway,the core of the strategic adjustment of economic structure is the adjustment of industrial structure.The problem of industrial structure is more prominent in resource-based areas,where deformed industrial structure was formed due to the long-term dependence on regional resource advantages in economic development.The proportion of the secondary industry is too high,while the first and third industries developed slowly.Moreover,Coal,petroleum,chemical,smelting and other resource-based industries developed rapidly,while the modern manufacturing industry developed slowly.Since the imbalance of industrial structure has become a constraint to the sustainable and healthy development of the economy in resource-based areas,the heightening and rationalization of industrial structure become the direction of industrial structure adjustment in these areas.Industrial restructuring mainly depends on the market mechanism,but government intervention can promote and accelerate the process of industrial restructuring.Especially for the developing countries or regions,the government's macro policy can boost the catch-up adjustment of industrial structure.Tax is an important means of government macro-control,including the establishment of tax,the choice of the tax object,the design of the tax rate,the use of preferential tax policies,etc.From the supply point of view,it affects the capital,labor,technology,natural resources and other factors of production in the industry configuration.From the perspective of demand,it affects the product prices,income levels and thus affects the consumer demand,investment demand and the other structures,and ultimately affects the industrial restructuring.In the case of structural contradictions that have affected the sustainable development of the regional economy,has the industrial structure of the resource-based region been adjusted accordingly? Did the tax system play a catalytic role in resource-based regional industrial adjustment? How can we improve the effect of taxation on industrial structure adjustment in resource-based areas? This paper aims to study the theoretical context of these problems,and combined with the reality to give a solution.Firstly,this paper reviewed the previous research results,studied and commented on a large number of relevant literatures.On this basis,starting from defining the core concepts of industrial restructuring,the paper was paved theoretically through the theory of sustainable development,industrial structure adjustment theory and tax-related theory analysis,and further constructed the theoretical framework of the thesis from the perspective of economics.The mechanism of tax impact on industrial structure adjustment can be analyzed from three aspects: micro,meso and macro.The mechanism of taxation on industrial structure adjustment can be analyzed from two perspectives of supply and demand.On the basis of constructing the theoretical framework,this paper investigates the industrial structure,tax composition and the relationship between the two in the resource-based areas since the 1994 tax reform.Based on the results of the current situation,this paper focuses on the empirical study of the taxation effecting on industrial structure adjustment in resource-based regional,the empirical research is divided into two levels: On one hand,the paper analyzes the influence of taxation on the advanced and the rationalization of industrial structure in resource-based areas by using panel data model.On the other hand,this paper analyzes the influence of tax on the structural adjustment of the industry in the secondary and tertiary industries of the resource-based region by using the VAR model.The empirical analysis shows that the impact of taxation on industrial structure adjustment is quite complicated.The effect direction and intensity of macro tax burden,tax system,tax on the height and rationalization of industrial structure are different.But the contribution of tax on the industrial structure adjustment in resource-based regional is small and did not play its due role.Based on the empirical research conclusions,this paper puts forward the suggestions to promote the industrial structure adjustment of the resource-based areas from the perspective of the tax system optimization,the layout of the tax system,the optimization of the taxations focusing on the industrial structure height and the industrial structure rationalization.The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)Taxes affect industrial adjustment through the impact of supply and demand factors.From the classical industrial structure theory,this paper analyzes the factors that affect the industrial structure including capital,labor force,natural resources,technological progress and consumption,investment and intermediate investment,and so on.Taxes will affect the industry's supply and demand by affecting commodity prices,capital prices,labor prices,etc.and further affect the size and the pace of development of the industry.(2)The industrial structure of the problem is prominent in resource-based areas,but the effect of industrial structure adjustment is poor,the relationship between regional tax and industrial structure is not very coordinated.This paper determine the scope of resource-based areas firstly,then analyzes the outstanding problems such as economic growth and industrial structure imbalance faced by resource-based areas.The solution of problem need to adjust industrial structure urgently,but the the problem has increased difficulty of the industrial structure adjustment in resource-based areas.Since 1994,the industrial structure of resource-based areas has been changing,but the imbalance has not changed fundamentally.The regional tax composition also reflects the unbalanced development of industrial development,the coordination of tax and industrial structure is poor.(3)Influences of tax on the industrial structure advanced and rationalization of resource-based region is complex.The tax means should be more used to promote the industrial structure rationalization in resource-based areas.In this paper,the panel data model is used to study the tax effect on the industrial structure height and the rationalization.The effect direction and intensity of macro tax burden,tax system,tax on the height and rationalization of industrial structure are different.The rise of macro tax burden level is not conducive to the industrial structure height,but it is conducive to the industrial structure rationalization.Turnover tax has no significant effect on industrial restructuring.The effect of income tax on the industry structure height is positive,but the impact on the industrial structure rationalization is negative.VAT has a significant negative impact on the industrial structure height,and other taxes have no significant effect.Consumption tax and resource tax have a significant positive impact and corporate income tax and personal income tax have a negative impact on the industrial structure rationalization.(4)In general income tax and turnover tax is not conducive to the restructuring within the industries.The paper research the influences of income tax and turnover tax on the industry structural adjustment by using VAR model in region of Shanxi.The empirical results show that only the income tax can promote the structural adjustment of the second industry in the short term.The adverse effects of Income tax and turnover tax on the industry structure tends to disappear in the long term.The empirical results also show that the contribution of the tax system to the industry structural adjustment is small and does not play its due role.(5)In order to promote the role of taxation in the adjustment of industrial structure in resource-based areas,combined with the main direction of the industrial structure adjustment in resource-based region,we should determine the appropriate macro tax burden,adjust the tax structure,and give some tax legislation to the resources-based regions.The optimization of the main tax can be focused on promoting rationalization and height of industry structure.The innovation and research value of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects: this paper select the resource-based region with the characteristics of the common industrial structure as the scope of the study,and it make the study of industrial structure is both targeted and avoid partial general.The study is from the macro tax burden,the main tax system,and the main tax,and focus on two aspects: industrial structure height and industrial structure rationalization of the resource-based region,and this research path make the study more in-depth and more level.The application of panel data method to the study of the impact of taxation on industrial structure has expanded the application of research methods in this field.