Research On Knowledge Sharing In Open Innovation Community

With the rapid development of Internet technology,especially the widespread application of Web2.0 technology,the user generated content based on the network community is emerging constantly,which greatly reduces the cost of social and knowledge discovery.A large number of user generated content provides sufficient innovative knowledge resources for enterprise's open innovation.In order to make full use of user generated content,improve enterprise innovation ability and maintain competitive advantage,more and more enterprises begin to build or use the user generated content platform,namely open innovation community.With the help of open innovation community,enterprises can collect a great deal of knowledge and information needed by enterprises' innovation development from different user groups,which includes market demand,product evaluation,feedback suggestion and tacit knowledge and creative idea of customer.At the same time,it can also attract these users to participate in the internal creative design,product development,new product experience,marketing and so on.Open innovation community has become the main way for enterprises to obtain external innovation resources.However,while the open innovation community attracts users to participate in it,the community's knowledge management issues are becoming increasingly prominent,embodied in following aspects: Low willingness of user knowledge sharing and lack of valuable contribution;The community platform is full of fragmented,low-level and repetitive knowledge;Lack of perfect intellectual property protection mechanism,users are faced with the loss of intellectual property rights or infringement of knowledge rights and other risks;The performance evaluation of knowledge sharing lacks a reliable evaluation system and an effective evaluation method.The existing virtual community knowledge sharing theories and methods have been unable to adapt to the characteristics and development requirements of the open innovation community.How to improve the enthusiasm of knowledge sharing among members of open innovation community,reduce the difficulty of obtaining innovative knowledge for enterprise and community members,and improve the efficiency of enterprise innovation has become an urgent problem to be solved in the academic and business circles under the open innovation environment.In this dissertation,we take the open innovation community as the breakthrough point,analyze the mechanism and operation mechanism of knowledge sharing in open innovation community,explore the influential factors and performance evaluation methods of community knowledge sharing in open innovation community,and put forward some corresponding promotion strategies and development suggestions.The dissertation mainly carried out the following four aspects of research work:First,we analyzed the mechanism of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Firstly,we systematically analyzed the open innovation community knowledge sharing elements,divided into the main body of knowledge sharing(including maker,employees and general community users),the object of knowledge sharing(including demand information,creative inspiration,design scheme,comment content),the platform of knowledge sharing,and knowledge sharing environment(including technical environment,culture environment,social environment and interpersonal environment).Secondly,we analyzed the intrinsic relationship between the elements of knowledge sharing in open innovation community form two kinds of relationship models centered on the knowledge sharing body and the knowledge sharing platform.On this basis,we analyzed the motivation and process of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Than,we used Stella modeling tools to build a system dynamics model of knowledge sharing in open innovation community,and explored three feedback loops which are user income,enterprise innovation effect and community influence.Finally,we built the mechanism model of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Second,we studied the influential factors of knowledge sharing in open innovation communities.In this dissertation,based on social exchange theory,social cognitive theory,social capital theory,we respectively constructed the theoretical model of the influence factors of maker,enterprise employees and general community users knowledge sharing in open innovation community,and put forward the corresponding research hypotheses.We used the questionnaire survey method to collect data,and used SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 21.0 softwares to analyze the data to validate of the proposed research hypothesis.The results show that: the happiness of helping others,material benefits,face and reputation are positively related to maker' knowledge sharing behavior.Knowledge ownership and perceived knowledge loss are negatively related to maker' knowledge sharing behavior.The influence strength of perceived knowledge loss?reputation?knowledge ownership?material benefits?the happiness of helping others?face are decreased successively.Altruism,self-efficacy,community climate and perceived value are positively related to the active knowledge sharing behavior of employees,and the influence strength is in descending order.Altruism,perceived value,community climate and organizational support are positively related to the passive knowledge sharing behavior of employees,and the influence strength decreases accordingly.External environment factors have significant positive influence on employees' self cognition.Common language,mutual benefit,trust and social contact have positive correlation with general community users' knowledge sharing behavior,and the influence strength is in descending order.Among the three types of knowledge sharing motivation,the influence strength of targeted knowledge sharing,recreational knowledge sharing and connection knowledge sharing are decreased successively.Third,we explored the operating mechanism of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Based on the analysis of the model,connotation and structure of the operation mechanism of knowledge sharing in open innovation community,we put forward the operational mechanism of knowledge sharing in open innovation community,which mainly includes four aspects,namely,trust mechanism,incentive mechanism,coordination mechanism and guarantee mechanism.Firstly,we analyzed the connotation,function and trust stage of trust mechanism,and build trust mechanism model of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Secondly,we discussed the connotation,function and incentive factors of incentive mechanism,and constructed incentive mechanism model of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Then,we discussed the connotation,function and order parameter elements of the synergy mechanism,and construct the synergy mechanism model of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Finally,we analyzed the connotation and function of the guarantee mechanism,and construct the guarantee mechanism model of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Fourth,we researched on the performance evaluation of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.On the basis of analyzing the connotation of knowledge sharing performance in open innovation community,we put forward the principle of selecting the performance evaluation index of knowledge sharing in open innovation community.Then,using interview method and combining the characteristics of knowledge sharing in open innovation community,we identified four dimensions of evaluation indicators,including enterprises,communities,main body and knowledge,with a total of 26 indicators.We used fuzzy AHP to determine the weight of evaluation index.Finally,we used fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the performance of the knowledge sharing in open innovation community,and selected Haier "IDEA",open innovation platform of Midea,Xiaomi MIUI forum and HUAWEI EMUI forum to erify the effectiveness and rationality of the evaluation indicators and evaluation methods.On the theoretical level,the research work of this dissertation enriches the theory of open innovation community knowledge management system,expands the theoretical framework of knowledge sharing research,and provides a scientific and theoretical basis for the smooth development of knowledge sharing in the open innovation community.On the practical level,we analyzed the mechanism and the operating mechanism of knowledge sharing in open innovation community,used SEM to analyze influencing factors of knowledge sharing in open innovation community,and used fuzzy AHP to determine the weight of evaluation index.It has important guiding significance for enterprises to build and operate open innovation communities.