| Si Ku Quan Shu, compiled during the reign of Emperor Qianlong in Qing dynasty, is a book series with the largest scale in ancient China. Also, it is regarded as a precious heritage left by the Chinese ancient culture. People have been continuing the study of Si Ku Quan Shu since its compiling was finished. Thanks to the photocopy and publishment of the Si Ku Quan Shu of Wenyuan Chamber and Wenjin Pavilion, it is more convenient for people to study and make use of the book. Meanwhile, many works and papers related to the content of Si Ku Quan Shu and Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu kept springing up and gradually formed an important school-imperial study. People have made a great imperial study, the existing study is rich in its content and almost involves every aspect of the book. However, there is still a lot of space to explore because of the large scale of Si Ku Quan Shu and the abundant information contained by it. For example, many studies pay attention to the collating activities happen during the compiling process, however, most of them just focus on the emendating procedure and the staffing matters. As a result, insufficient attention is paid to the achievement gained by the collating activities and even sometimes a denial of the collating accomplishment made by the editors of Si Ku Quan Shu may appear. The compiling of Si Ku Quan Shu, is not just a simple collection of the scattered books, instead, it is a proofreading activity of the books with the largest scale in Chinese history, thus the collation plays an important part in the compiling process. The collating activities can be divided into two types, one is to scribe the collation of the master copy made before, the other is to scribe the proofreading of the master copy and the definitive edition made then. Both of these two collating activities have their corresponding procedure and personnel. The editors are responsible for the collation of the master copy, and this includes the correction of the words, the confirmation of the volumes, the bowdlerization of the taboo words, the textual research of the literary viewpoints and the instruction of the write format. When the collation is finished, the editors hand it over to the master editor and the chief officer for check and approval. And before the master copy is scribed, it needs one more collation of the branch collator. In order to reduce the possible errors made by the transcription, the definitive edition accomplished must be proofread with the master copy together by the branch collator, the re-collator and the general collator. And finally the master reading officer and the chief officer will be responsible for the spot check. To make sure of the quality of the collating work, the Imperial Library took a strict measure of rewards and punishment to supervise its staffs. The Imperial Library did a lot of the collating work, and its detailed accomplishments are recorded in the research notes attached to the book Si ku Quan Shu Kao Zheng, Si Ku Quan Shu and Si Ku Quan Shu Hui Yao. Containing one hundred rolls, Si ku Quan Shu Kao Zheng is produced during the compiling process of Si Ku Quan Shu and it is said to be a book of collating nature. More than one thousand collating notes of the imperial books are recorded in this book, which does a great favor to our understandings to the detailed collating jobs of the editors of Si Ku Quan Shu. Its rich content can be mainly divided into two aspects:the text correction and the textual research. From the book we can figure out what versions did the editors of Si Ku Quan Shu used as the reference books when they were doing the collation, also we could find out what revises did they really made to the master copy and the specific basis based on. According to the analysis of Kao Zheng, we can know that the editors of Si Ku Quan Shu applied a comprehensive collating method, which includes Duijiao, Benjiao, Tajiao and Lijiao. Besides, if we make a comparison of Kao Zheng and Si Ku Quan Shu, we may find out that lot of content in Si Ku Quan Shu is not corrected according to the collating conclusions, and this reminds us that we cannot judge the success and failure of the editors of Si Ku Quan Shu just base on the features that showed by Si Ku Quan Shu. There are some differences between the book Kao Zheng, Si Ku Zong Mu and Si Ku Quan Shu. For example, the types of the books recorded in Kao Zheng are different, and it also records some research notes about the CunMu Books and those forbidden books. All these are good for our understandings to the classifications of the book Si Ku Quan Shu. The book Si Ku Quan Shu Kao Zheng involves a collation of more than one thousand kinds of imperial books, and due to the limitation of the time and academic attainment, the author couldn’t make a detailed exploration towards the textual research of each of these books. So this paper chooses one of them, i.e. Li Ji Zhu Shu Kao Zheng as the case study and hopes to make a deeper understanding towards the whole book of Kao Zheng. This paper mainly adopts a research method of comparative study, that is to make a comparison of Li Ji Zhu Shu Kao Zheng and Li Ji Zhu Shu Jiao Kan Ji written by RuanYuan and then to make an analysis of both. In addition to Si Ku Quan Shu Kao Zheng, many books in Si Ku Quan Shu and Hui Yao are accompanied by textual research or notes, this shows that the concentrated accomplishments of the editors of Si Ku Quan Shu. These research notes have the similar content with that of Kao Zheng, however, we can just find part of the clauses in Kao Zheng, so the book has its own value. And about the translations changed related to people’s names and the places’names, there is no record in Kao Zheng. The collating accomplishments of the books like Si Ku Quan Shu Kao Zheng reflect the achievements obtained in the compiling process of Si Ku Quan Shu. All these achievements hold an important academic value, they will do a great favor to our study towards the textualism history of Qing dynasty and the inherent textology. Moreover, they can help us to give a correct evaluation on the version value of Si Ku Quan Shu and play as a reference for us when doing the works of systemizing the ancient books. |
