Optimizing And Experiment Of The Key Parts Of The Air Seeder

Growth characteristics and physical properties of forage seeds are specific. The grassland soil conditions are different from crops to crops. The existing domestic seeders have low adaptability for forage seed. According to the forage seed sowing process, it this paper, the following parts of the seeder were designed and optimized:the air distributing type forage seeder’s overall layout, functional structure, electronic monitoring systemsk, and the main technical parameters of critical components, respectively.The main contents of this study are as follows:1) Through the system analysis of the forage seed’s main physical characteristics, a kind of seeding mechanism which concentrately fed to the distributor through central outer sheave was designed. The seeding mechanism can control the amount of the different types of the seeds precisely. It can overcome the problems of poor stability, congestion, overhead and other issues unlike the old stand-alone outside sheave seeder sowing forage seed.2) A single profiling multi-link ditching repressive mechanism was designed and analyzed by ADAMS analysis software. A parallelogram linkage-Tension spring structure hinged with rack was designed to maintain optimum buried angle and enhance the quality of opener operations. Opener depth was precisely controlled by the opener spring. Each group opener had its own security extension spring. The oil carbon spring steel hardened class B was chosen through designing the opener spring, its wire diameter was8mm, the number of turns was24.25circles, the pitch diameter D was41.7mm.3) In order to ensure a uniform depth of broking stubble, a corrugated disc stubble broking device equipped with a large independent safety spring was designed. The oil carbon spring steel hardened class B was chosen through designing the opener spring, its wire diameter was15mm, the number of turns was14circles, the pitch diameter D was60mm. Through the abrasion test and SEM analysis, the analysis of microstructure and properties and the abrasive resistance evaluation of the common corrugated disc breaking stubble knife with different materials were studied:The results showed that65Mn steel occurred deformation and was work-hardened to improve the wear resistance.4) The finite element of the machine frame was analyzed by using ANSYS software. The structure was optimized to improve the overall strength and stiffness without increasing the weight.5) The design of the seeder monitoring system was completed, and the parameters of the fan speed, working speed, plantings to monitor the planter working condition were collected and analyzed.6) The air distributing forage seeder performance experiment and production experiment were completed. The results showed that the measurement results of depth and width of opener were qualified. The measurement results of loose shallow depths of stability were qualified, loose shallow layer bulkiness was63%; slip rate was3.7%; each line displacement consistency variation coefficients of Alfalfa and Elymus were3.41%and6.04%, respectively. Total displacement stability variation coefficients were of Alfalfa and Elymus were1.6%and3.77%, respectively. The broken rate of Alfalfa seed was0.92%and the Elymus was1.61%.