Study On Automated Monitoring, Forecasting And Emergency Disposal Of Water Pollution In Fushun Section Of Hun River Basin

Water pollution does harm to people’s lives and agricultural production, and it has become an important factor restricting sustainable social and economic development of China. Due to a variety of historical and practical reasons, the deterioration of ecological environment and environmental pollution problems can not be effectively controlled, and the risk of sudden environmental pollution incidents is increasing. Among all kinds of unexpected environmental pollution incidents, sudden water pollution incidents occurred most frequently. Hun River, also known as Shenshui and small Liao River, is368km in length, and it is a famous river which runs through the eastern part of Liaoning Province. Hun River goes through urban area in the middle of Liaoning Province which is the traditional heavy industrial area with dense population, and a large amount of urban waste water is discharged into it. Within tens of kilometers section of the river, it flows through two or several cities. Pollutant emissions in the river from upstream cities have not been yet fully purified, the river enters into the downstream cities. So, a large amount of waste water will be discharged into river again, and the phenomenon will aggravate environmental pollution. Water pollution and forecasting emergency problems need to be solved, especially problems about the acquisition and announcement of information, emergency mechanism, emergency monitoring and the organization of emergency response system. In order to address these problems, we select Fushun section of the Hun River Basin as research objective, and carry out study on its development of automated forecasting systems and emergency measures. In this study, computer technology, communication and network technology, namely "3S"(GIS, GPS, RS) technology was used to analyze the pollution in Fushun section of Hun River Basin, and simulated and predicted its outstanding issues and water pollution accident combined with the water quality model. Also, environmental impact and potential risks in regional environment especially in drinking water sources come from industrial development were analyzed, and dominant regional environmental risk factors were identified. Finally, automated forecasting and emergency response system of Fushun section of Hun River were established to provide service for safety management of water environment. The major study results are as follows.(1) The main sources of pollution and pollution trends of Fushun section of Hun River Basin were analyzed, and the results indicated that pollution mainly came from cross-strait industrial and domestic sewage outfall, municipal sewage overflow and sewage from main tributaries. Among27of the main sources of pollution, Fushun Steel Factory and Acrylic Chemical Company are the largest sewage emission producers.(2) Water pollution remote sensing quantitative inversion of Fushun section of Hun River Basin was carried out according to ground monitoring combined by satellite remote sensing. ETM band segment of remote sensing satellites Landsat was used to monitor water pollution of Fushun section of Hun River, and analyze the relationship between COD, permanganate index, ammonia, volatile phenols and remote sensing band in order to establish equations about the relationship between remote sensing band and water quality parameters. For the COD, permanganate index, volatile phenol and ammonia, blue-green, green, thermal infrared and mid-infrared band were the good bands to acquire better remote sensing monitoring results, and inversion model of gray value and pollutants in each bands was acquired.(3) Using QUAL2K model, water quality parameters such as NH3-N%COD and BOD was used to simulate the pollution in Suzi River, the tributary of Fushun section in Hun River. The results indicated that simulation error was less than10%, and it was enough to meet the accuracy requirement of the model. Water quality parameter NH3-N was the best one to acquire highest simulation accuracy of Suzi River, and its average error was4.25%, followed by BOD and COD, and the average relative error was6.17%and6.18%respectively. Maximum simulation and minimum error occurred in middle section of Suzi River and downstream estuaries respectively. In brief, QUAL2K model could well simulate the changes of water quality in Suzi River.(4)"The monitoring system for water pollution accidents of Hun River Basin in Fushun city" and "the emergency decision support system for water pollution accidents of Hun River Basin in Fushun city" were developed using the component-based GIS and ArcGIS Engine technology, and the two systems could provide accident monitoring, query and decision-making functions. Both systems are characterized by openness, advanced technology, simple structure and high reliability as well as multisystem adaptability. They are able to monitor the dynamic changes in water quality, announce information about dynamic changes of accident, carry out water conditions and material evaluation and provide helpful and timely emergency measures.