Study Onevolvement And Layout Model OfRural Landscape Pattern In The Context Of Urbanization

There have been many problems in the process of rapid urbanization over the past decades in China, such as irrational urban planning, dramatic increase in environmental pressure and delayed development of the public services. In order to change this situation, an intensive, intelligent, green, low-carbon new-type urbanization method was proposed by the Chinese government.As well as agricultural modernization and new rural construction, new-type urbanization is the better way to promote the urban-rural integration development. The core approach of new-type urbanization is to promote development of economy and society by realizing integrated urban-rural infrastructure and equalization of public service without at the expense of agriculture and food, ecology and environment. Which kind layout of rural landscape pattern can achieve the goal of "production development, wealthy life, polite phenomenon, clean and tidy appearance and democratic management" is one of the key issues of rural landscape planning in the context of rapid urbanization.This work conducted a systematic study of the evolvement and layout of rural landscape pattern with the theoretical support of landscape ecology "pattern-process-function". The main research content of this work is followed by the simulation and prediction methods of rural landscape pattern evolution, the evaluation of rural landscape stability, the orientation of rural landscape function and the optimization of rural landscape configuration with the integrated application of life cycle theory, niche theory, CA-Markov model, multiple linear regression and3s technology. Based on the above researches, an optimized layout model of rural landscape was proposed with optimization and adjustment of landscape configuration as the core. Then, the approach is exemplified by a case study conducted in the Jinjing Town of Dongting Lake area, China. I simulated and predicted its rural landscape pattern evolution, evaluated its rural landscape stability, orientated its rural landscape function, optimized its rural landscape configuration, and proposed an optimized layout project of its rural landscape pattern. The conclusions of the work are listed as follows:(1) This paper analyzed the evolution of rural landscape patterns by means of life cycle theory, simulated the evolution cycle curve, and calculated its evolution period, then combining CA-Markov model, a complete prediction model based the rule of rural landscape change was built. Jinjing Town was taken as a case study to predict the times of5units of rural landscape pattern reaching steady state: after40-65years, after30-35years, after5-15years, after10-20years, and after20-45years. Compared with the remote hilly region, the landscape pattern in traffic developed plains reach steady state much earlier. Then, Jinjing Town was also taken as a case study to be predicted rural landscape changing in2020, the results showed that:in all landscape patterns, rural settlement landscape increased to1194.01hm2and paddy landscape greatly reduced to3090.24hm2, both were the largest change, also the prediction accuracy of quantitative and spatial via life cycle theory model were highly up to99.3%and96.4%respectively, obviously were more explicit than single CA-Markov model.(2) The unchanged probability, added probability and disappeared probability of each kind landscape under the effect of impact factors were analyzed by multiple linear regression by using SPSS software. Rural landscape stability was evaluated based on the3kinds of change probability of rural landscape, and the stability was divided into4grades:most stability, more stability, less instability and instability. The case study shows that:the spatial distribution regularities of unchanged probability is consistent with the spatial distribution regularities of added probability but reveal contrary property to the spatial distribution regularities of disappeared probability. It means the unchanged probability, added probability and disappeared probability of landscape reflect the rural landscape stability. The case study also shows:the stability of tea garden is mainly affected by soil type; elevation and slope play a key role to the stability of farmland and woodland; the stability of pond in acid purple soil region is much higher than it in the other area; The distance between business and services center had the greatest impact on the stability of settlement.(3) The niche-fitness of the agricultural production function, ecological conservation function and social economy function of rural landscape were evaluated according to niche theory. The function orientation of rural landscape was achieved based on the niche-fitness of the6kinds of function: ecological protection, ecological tourism, ecological agriculture, agricultural production, agricultural economy and economic dominant. The security area of farmland and the restricted area of settlement were calculated according to grain demand and per capita construction land index. Then, the results of function orientation of rural landscape were quantified to optimize the configuration of rural landscape. The results of the function orientation of rural landscape in Jinjing Town are3ecological protection villages,2ecological tourism villages,1ecological agriculture village,2agricultural production and5agricultural economy villages. Then the rural landscape configuration of each village was optimized according to its security area of farmland and restricted area of settlement(4) Under the instruction of new-type urbanization theory, an optimized layout model of rural landscape was proposed, which taken the prediction pattern of rural landscape as base map, taken the optimized configuration of rural landscape as quantitative reference, taken the evaluation results of rural landscape stability as spatial reference. On the basis of a feasible guarantee scheme, promoting the coordinated development of the sustainable utilization of the landscape resources and the coordinated development of rural landscape function should be in accordance with " without sacrificing agriculture and food, ecology and environment" in new-type urbanization theory.