| Since the late1990s, the land consolidation in China develops fast. It has great effects on such as raising farmland area, improving farmland quality, promoting the regional agricultural development, etc. However, in the practice of land consolidation, it also appeared some negative effects, such as in the process to increase the quantity of cultivated land, despising to improve the quality of cultivated land, the negligence of protecting the ecological environment and adjusting other issues. Now, it is very difficult to increase the quantity of cultivated land and to meet the higher requirements from the economic and social development. So it is very important to promote sustainable land consolidation to realize regional sustainable development.From the domestic and foreign developed countries and regions in the practice of land consolidation, land consolidation is slowly from junior to senior, from simple to advanced from the direction of evolution, sustainable land consolidation is the future trend of the development of land consolidation. Land consolidation assessment of sustainable development is very important to the sustainable development of land consolidation, and the current research about that is less, the existing researches focus on microcosmic typical project evaluation, if the regional scale enlarging, its adaptability to be verified, on the other hand, subject to data acquisition difficulties, at present from the time span expansion of land consolidation evaluation of the research mainly concentrates on the performance assessment of land consolidation and evaluation of investment, lack of region long time span of the study and assessment of the sustainable development, which can comprehensively reflect the land consolidation target, process, effect of whole and regional economic and social development coordinated degree.Chongqing city in Western China is the youngest municipality directly under the central government. Since1997, the city develops fast, economic gross and city-builds area expand quickly, Three Gorges Dam and its migration project are finished, which bring great pressure on the land resource and land protection. The land consolidation in Chongqing is not only responsible to ensure total dynamic balance of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance and guarantee the development of local economy and society, but also to bear a guarantee of stability and development in Three Gorges Reservoir area of responsibility. The land consolidation in Chongqing is a Miniature of the land consolidation in our country; from the time span, it also can reflect the characteristics of the land consolidation in our country from the90’s; on the other hand, Chongqing city is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, where Three Gorges is, it has unique ecological area and the ecological environment is very fragile. In view of this, the author selected Chongqing city as the research object, from the macro level and micro level facing the sustainable development of land evaluation, which has a certain theoretical value and practical value.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)The thesis analyzes land consolidation of development process and characteristics of the domestic and foreign typical country and area, and finds that sustainable land consolidation is an important trend of the development of land consolidation.(2)Based on the analysis of the connotation, characteristic of land reconsolidation and sustainable use of land resources, it puts forward the definition of sustainable land consolidation.Sustainable land consolidation connotation includes macroscopical and microcosmic two areas of sustainability. From a macro point of view, land consolidation is very strong externality, sustainable land consolidation which should be in assure triggered by environmental damage and ecological damage minimum under the premise of national economic and social development, to alleviate the pressure on land resources, at the same time as the land consolidation and landscape construction, rural development, combination, and strive to achieve external maximum benefit, and ultimately realize the regional sustainable development, it is the macroscopical basis of sustainable land consolidation. From the microscopic point of view, it includes three aspects:first, it is able to solve the main problem that restricts current land use, to increase the area of arable land, to protect and improve land natural production capacity and production potential of land, to enhance the ability to resist risk, which is the sustainable land natural resources; secondly, as a kind of activity of engineering technology, its sustainability is also reflected in the input-output relation of the project itself, it should focus on improving the land use efficiency and scale, to be intensive to change a standard, to raise land consolidation benefits, but also to pay attention to the use efficiency of capital, it is the economic foundation of sustainable land consolidation; finally, as an adjustment behavior, its sustainability is also reflected in adjusting the land consolidation benefits reasonably without compromising the rights to land possessory rights and interests under the premise. It is the social basis of sustainable land consolidation.(3)This paper analyzes the domestic and foreign evaluation research progress of the sustainable land reconsolidation. In view of the sustainable development of land consolidation evaluation research is less, thus this paper analyses the research progress of economic benefit evaluation of land consolidation, ecological benefit evaluation of land consolidation, social benefit evaluation and the evaluation of comprehensive benefits evaluation. The author thinks, at present, the sustainable development of land consolidation evaluation of major defects as follows:①land consolidation sustainable is a cover of macroscopic and microscopic, multi dimension multi objective comprehensive evaluation, and the present land consolidation is often limited to the micro level evaluation, especially it thinks the sustainable land consolidation evaluation is equivalent to project comprehensive benefit evaluation, and less considers the macro-level effects, therefore it cannot reflect if the land consolidation is fit for the regional land use change and macro economic and social harmonious development.②Although some scholars carry out sustainable land consolidation evaluation from the macro level, they cannot reflect the panorama of the sustainable development of land consolidation subject to data acquisition difficulties.③The scholars study more in the microcosm, but the index selection largely depends on the typical area, when the region changes or expands, its evaluation index adaptability can be reduced, the error will be expanded. Therefore, to carry out comparative study of partition of typical project is very necessary.④The final purpose is to promote the sustainable use of land, and the current evaluation is especially lack of microcosmic level engineering and technical key, Therefore, further it is very necessary to develop the sustainable land consolidation research.(4) The thesis analyses the development characteristics and its mechanism of land consolidation in Chongqing since1997.Features:before1999, the development of land consolidation in Chongqing is slow. From2000to2010, it develops fast. Different level land consolidation projects show different characteristics. It also showed obvious stage characteristics and spatial characteristics.The development mechanism of land consolidation lies in:①the different investors have different goals, and the different goal orientation decides the different behavior process and results.②The formation of land spatial differentiation is based on the difference of land resource gift.③The investment of land consolidation increased steadily, but the added-farmland newly rate drops ceaselessly, it shows that it is more difficult to increase new land.(5)The article carried out the sustainable land consolidation in Chongqing from the macro-level with the pressure-state-response model, combined with the entropy method and the TOPSIS method.Evaluation results show that, the level of land sustainable consolidation in Chongqing is not high, the sustainable evaluation value is between0.2-0.6and it belongs to the weak sustainability. The figure of the sustainable evaluation value is an inverted U shape, and it differs nearly3times between the highest and lowest value. That means the system is not stable.The reasons which effect the level of land sustainable consolidation in Macro impact are:①the construction of farmland ecological restoration (including the construction of Three Gorges Project)②The balance of arable land is an important factor, but not the most important factor.③The effect of cultivated land resources is an important factor tool, it is also a feedback of the early land consolidation projects.(6)The article which based on land consolidation target function zones carried out the sustainable land consolidation in Chongqing from the micro-level with AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Evaluation results show that:the level of sustainable land consolidation of the three land consolidation target function area is low which is equal to the result of macro-level evaluation.From individual benefit, the economic benefit in metropolitan suburban agriculture area is better which reflects a certain extent that land consolidation effects are related to regional resources.On the other hand, also reflects that the level of sustainable land consolidation is not high, and the main reasons are not the same. Common reasons include:one is the shortage of investment; two is more attention on new land area; three is the contradictions between the land consolidation project and ecological environment protection are still quite prominent; four is the agricultural water conservancy infrastructure construction needs to be strengthened.(7) Based on the macro and micro level evaluation results, the exploration on the promotion of the sustainable development of land consolidation strategy is talked about.The one is that different land consolidation project is fit for different region.The two is that we should translate the traditional land consolidation mode and pay more attention to how to improve the quality of cultivated land.The three is to strengthen the capital investment and to instruct the district-and-county land consolidation.The four is to improve the land reclamation planning, land consolidation project design and the engineering and technical methods.The five is to pay attention to the combined application between3S techrical and other theoretical methods which can help us monitor and control the land consolidation. |
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