From Eriksson Creek Card To Eriksson Village

The Yar-lung river inflow into the Brahmaputra from south to north near Zetang town, which originate from Yalla Shampoo Mountain in Shannan prefecture of tibet.The Yar-lung valley is known as the birthplace of tibetan culture because it has a long history of agricultural production.Kesum village, located in Yar-lung valley, was a largest manor of Socon Wangqen-geleg who was a large serf owner in old tibet before the democratic reform. For a long time, the serfs in the manor were suffering various exploitation and brutal oppression by the lord of the manor and agents. With the end of quelling the rebellion, more than400serfs in Kesum village elected the first farmer association in tibetan history——Kesum farmer association on July5,1959-Hereafter, Kesum village completed the democratic reform in rural tibet firstly,established the first rural party branch and people’s commune in the history of tibet,and created many "firsf" on the history of rural development in tibet,since then, this village had the reputation of "the first village of the democratic reform in Tibet".Based on its typical significance in rural development course of contemporary tibet, by the perspective of the village’s more than50years development course, this thesis explore the road of achieving leapfrog development in rural tibet, with the method of combining diachronic and synchronic, on the basis of the fieldwork. At the same time, this thesis can also remedy the defect of micro community on the Yar-lung River in current academic research, and afford some accumulation for the future change research of rural community in tibet.This thesis, consists of seven chapters, elaborate the developing course of Kesum village from before the democratic reform to the current chronologically, and discuss the push factors, problems and solutions of rural development in tibet.Chapter one introduces the study origin and significance of the topic of this thesis,and hackle the relavent research dynamic from micro-community research, development and changes research, and western scholars research about tibet areas, in addition, also outlined the main research methods in this thesis.Chapter two describe physical geography, climate and ecological environment, followed by hackling administrative History of Kesum village and Changzhug town. Finally, this thesis introduces the basic situation of the village and the first village museum of tibet’s democratic reform.Chapter three introduces the basic situation of Kesum village before the democratic reform. This thesis hackle emphatically the situation of serfs and land tenure in Kesum village and various exploitation and brutal oppression by the lord of the manor and agents on the basis of introducing the historical background of the village and Socon’s family.Chapter four, Combined with literature data, reappear the scene of "three anti-double-Less" movement, identification of class, distribution of land and livestock, establishment of the first farmers’ association and first rural party branch.Chapter five discuss Kesum village’s development and changes in agricultural production and material and cultural life during half-century since the democratic reform.Since the democratic reform, Kesum village get the rapid growth in agricultural production and material living conditions because of producing positivity of the villagers, the popularization of new agricultural implements, and building water conservancy projects vigorously.Since the1980s, along with the country’s reform and opening up, the tibetan region has actively carried out household contract responsibility system with the core of two policies remaining unchanged in the long term, since then, the right to use and control over the major means of production back to individual household, and the household once again become the center of the production and operation activities.During this period, Kesum villagers on the one hand developed agricultural production vigorously, on the other hand explored household economy actively. After30years development, agricultural production of Kesum village realized mechanization basically, grain output increased steadily, the conditions of material life of the villagers has been a huge improvement, the education state of the villagers have also made considerable progress.Chapter six shows detailedly the developing road of today Kesum village from the construction of grassroots organizations, characteristic economy and new rural culture. In recent years, grassroots organizations of Kesum village continued to strengthen, with the implementation of a number of measures such as college-graduate village official, village-based task force; Kesum village has built a pollution-free vegetable base with more than70-seat greenhouses and the first village museum of tibet’s democratic reform, infrastructure more perfect, the village is becoming more clean and beautiful, under strong support and investment of the state; On the basis of adhering to the original economic development characteristics, Kesum village actively promote red culture and new rural culture, embark on a development path of the combination of red tourism and modern picking agriculture graduallyChapter seven is the conclusion of the thesis. Today Kesum village’s development achievements benefited from the state’s strong support and assistance over the past60years, the continued strengthening of grass-roots organizations and the positive spirit of the villagers. However, there are some problems in the development of rural areas such as Kesum village in tibet which are the psychological dependence on the state long-term assistance, lack of village collective economic entity, few of villagers’scientific and cultural knowledge. In order to achieve the target of leapfrog development which the central government put forward, the future development of tibet’s rural areas should first change the ways and means of state assistance and improve the quality and effectiveness of assistance; secondly, integrate the grass-roots resources effectively and develop the village collective economy vigorously; finally, attach importance to education and training of village cadres, improve the villagers’ basic education, develop vocational education and training on practical skills vigorously.In a word, the decisive factor of achieving leapfrog development in tibet rural areas is that local cadres and villagers give full play to their initiative and creativity, get out of a special road of leapfrog development according to local conditions.