| ObjectiveIn recent yearsemerging and sudden infectious diseases appears constantly and they remain the major factors that affect public health. As one of the five popular syndromes of common infectious disease, meningitis and encephalitis syndrome fall the scope of pestilentconvulsion (Yijing) in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Associated with fever, it alwaysdevelops quickly and it isacute, and extremely dangerous.. It can cause damagesand bleedings on nerve cells, andpoor prognosis. In case it is not treated timely, it may cause severe sequelaeeven death, which will seriously effect patients’ living quality and place a heavy burden on the society and economy. At present, there is no specific medicine to treat meningitis and encephalitis in Western medicine and the main treatments are to use antiviral drugs, antibiotics, hormones, protecting nerve cells drugs and other symptomatic relief andsupportive treatments. With longand distinguishedhistory, Traditional Chinese medicine has significant experience and made great contribution to the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.For infectious diseases caused by unknown pathogenic microorganisms, Western Medicine always spends a considerable amount of time to develop vaccine. Comparing with that, Traditional Chinese Medicine is more positive and initiative.And the advantages of initiative treatment strategies become increasingly obvious.It is very important for the treatment of infectious diseases of fever associated with meningitis encephalitis syndromes and the syndrome differentiation of contemporary convulsive disease (Jingbing) to exploit and sort out TCM syndrome features, treatment regulations, etiology and pathogenesis of pestilent convulsion in ancient and modern literature.Based on biological functions, this study is started with meningitis and encephalitis syndromes,. Ancient and modern literature about convulsive disease and pestilent convulsion is systematically studied on the basis of symptoms to discuss the theory source and treatment experiences of convulsive disease and pestilent convulsion. This study can apply to TCM clinical and experimental studies and improve the ability to respond to emerging infectious diseasesContentThis thesis containsthreeparts. The first part systematic reviewsthe literature about convulsive disease and discussestheacademic origins. With the Combination between literature and academic history, this study sorts out information about definition, classification and theoretical development of convulsive disease. Considering the epoch feature and medical developments, this study tries to summary features and evolvements of convulsive disease in different historical periods, which can lay the foundation for further research of convulsive disease. The second part is to establishdatabase of ancient cases on convulsive disease based on the study on literature. The database roots in medical cases and notes of the historical and modern literatures. The statistical approaches are data mining and complex system analysis technology.The third part is toestablishdatabase of modern cases on convulsive disease by collecting medical cases on meningitis and encephalitis in the past 30 years. Finally this thesiscompares the differences between modern and ancient cases by data mining and system analyzing technology to discuss the syndrome features and rules of medicine.Method1. Collect and sort out ancient convulsive disease cases. Combined simply data-collecting and study on literature, this thesis selects representative doctors medical notes, theory, cases, and extractsinfluential cases from "Chinese Medicine" and "the Doctrine of Traditional Chinese Medicine", and also take reference of "Chinese ancient books catalogue of traditional Chinese medicine "and" The Catalog of National TCM Books".2. Collect and sort out modern convulsive disease cases..Based on the database of TCM Clinical Basic Medical Research InstituteofChinaAcademy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,,this thesis selectsjournals related epidemic encephalitis b and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis(1984-2010) as well as related documents from China journal full-text database (CNKI),the Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), AND China journal of traditional Chinese medicine literature database retrieval of literature from 2011 to 2013.Search keywords as "epidemic encephalitis b or epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis or encephalitis b or encephalitis b or epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis" and "the Traditional Chinese medicine or Chinese herbal or combine traditional Chinese and western medicine of traditional Chinese medicine of traditional Chinese medicine". This database is established according to the selection criteria stated above.3. Collect and normalize data and establish statistical plan. Draw up Manual for the collection of data and the Standardization of disease name, symptom, syndrome and treatmentetc. toensure the validity of data.4. Extract syndrome factors. Firstly extract syndrome factors according to the Syndrome Factors Differentiation and also take reference ofthe Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Differential Diagnostics of TCM,.Secondly directly extract the syndrome factors from by their types. Thirdly compare the results of the above two methods and see the difference..5. Data mining. Using mathematical statistics, data mining methods and complex network analysis software such as frequency analysis, association rule, factor analysis to analysesthe data in different angles and levels, discuss the inner link between symptoms and symptoms, drugs and drugs, symptoms and drugs, and then explore the rule of symptoms, syndrome factor characteristics and medicine rules in the convulsive disease and pestilent convulsion.6. Compare the similarities and differences between similar pestilent convulsions in similarcases, summarize the major syndromes of convulsion period and provide suggestions on medicine using.Result1. The Origin of convulsive disease and pestilent convulsion。 (1) In the ancient Qin period, the theory of etiology and pathogenesis in convulsive disease was established. "Prescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases" and "Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor" hadsome records about the etiology and pathogenesis of convulsive disease, and laid the Foundation of convulsion disease treatment based on syndrome differentiation(2) Two-han period proposed the name of convulsive disease and enriched the causes of convulsive disease.ZhangZhongjing pointed that convulsion disease can be divided into two types:firm antispasmodic and soft one,and the major reasons for the disease was affection of exotenous wind-cold:Yin deficiency and mistreatment.. (3) Duringthe Wei-jin-sui-tang dynasties,acupuncture and moxibustion was used to treat convulsion disease and this treatment was developed quickly.. (4) The doctors in the period of Song and Jin dynasties pointed that Qi-deficiency and Xue-deficiency are the main reasons of convulsion disease.(5) The cause of yin-deficiency convulsion disease was explored in the Ming dynasty.ZhangJingyue proposed the theory of "Internal injuries and deficiency induced the convulsion disease",and the reason was " Yin deficiency syndrome".(6)The theories of syndrome differentiation and treatment of the convulsion disease was enriched and developed in the Qing dynasty by febrile doctors.(7) people in modern times proposed the name of pestilent convulsion,and start to treat these diseases by both traditional Chinese and Western medicine.2.Symptoms, syndrome factors and medication rule of convulsion disease. (1)The symptoms of fever, coma, convulsion,fast pulse, delirium, daymouth, dysphoria and headache is the core of symptoms of Spasm Disease, its pathogenesis is associated with heat, closed, in-deficiency, its disease location is associated with brain (mind), channels.(2) The disease location syndrome factor is related to the brain (mind), channels and collaterals, liver, and the nature of syndrome factor is closed to heat, wind, heat, blood, in-deficiency. (3) The medicine in the treatment of Spasm Disease mainly reinforcing herbal, stop convulsionherbal, antipyretics herbal and invigorating spleen to reduce phlegm herbal. Gypsum,dyers woad leaf, isatidis root and gypsum, isatidis root, glycyrrhiza and gypsum, isatidis root and common anemarrhena is the common medicinal pair. (4)The syndrome of fever, convulsion,coma and muscular spasms is the point of treatment, and fever usually treatment by rhinoceros horn, antelope horn, scutellaria, gardenia, uncaria, grass leaved sweetflag and so on, butconvulsion treatment by rhinoceros horn, glycyrrhiza, tuber of dwarf lilyturf, radix scrophulariae, atractylodes, poria cocos,etl.The coma usually treatment by tuber of dwarf lilyturf, grass leaved sweetflag, grass leaved sweetflag, grass leaved sweetflag,etl.The spasms is treatment by donkey hide gelatin, cassia twig, white peony root, radix rehmanniae, radix rehmanniae,etl.3. Symptoms, syndrome factors and medication rule of pestilent convulsion. (1) Fever, absence, convulsions and rale is the four primary symptom of pestilent convulsion, its pathogenesis is closely related to the heat, phlegm, wind, disease location mainly in the brain. (2) The disease location syndrome factor is related to the brain (mind), channels,liver and colorectal,and the nature of syndrome factor is closed to heat, wind, heat, phlegm, blood heat, Yin deficiency, summer-heat,wet. (3) The medicine in the treatment of pestilent convulsion mainly ntipyreticsherbal stop convulsion herbal, and eliminating phlegm for resuscitation herbal. Rhubarb,mirabilite and gypsum, common anemarrhena and radix rehmanniae, cortex moutan and gypsum, dyers woad leaf and gypsum, isatidis root and gypsum, rhinoceros horn,etl. is the common medicinal pair. (4) fever, absence, convulsions and floslonicerae is the point of treatment,and fever usually treatment by honeysuckle,isatidis root, white peony root, gypsum, common anemarrhena, rhinoceros horn, antelope horn, dyers woad leaf and uncaria.Convulsions are usually treatment by rhinoceros horn, antelope horn and gypsum.4. Contrast of spasm disease and pestilent convulsion in symptoms, syndrome factors and medication rule.(1)Yin-deficiency, heat, jin-deficiences,winds,heat in colorectal and liver-wind stirring is the basic pathogenesis of spasm disease and pestilent convulsion,and spasm convulsion also have pathogenesis as summer-heat, wet, qi-deficiency and blood stage.(2)The syndrome factors of two is similar, but pestilent convulsion also influence the colorectal and have pathogenesis of wet, summer-heat and yang hyperactivity.(3)Both of the two disease treatment by ntipyreticsherbal stop convulsion herbal, and eliminating phlegm for resuscitation herbal, and spasm disease also using reinforcing herbal and nourishing blood and relax channels herbal, it is worth modern physicians to learn. (4)The treatment thinking is basic consistency during ancient and modern doctors, but people in nowadays more likely for tongluo medicine herbal and dehumidification. The diseases of infection in central nervous system such as epidemic encephalitis B and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis can be named pestilent convulsion, but pestilent convulsion can’t be treatment as epidemic encephalitis B and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis,it is necessary to do more research for pestilent convulsion and formulate guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.5. Compare the Similarities and differences between similar pestilent convulsion in ancient case and pestilent convulsion cases during convulsion period,the ancient physicians thought that similar pestilent convulsion is related to brain (mind), liver, channels, lung,and treatment with heat-clearing and detoxifying, eliminating phlegm,resolving phlegm and inducing resuscitation, increasing liquid comfortable tendons ways,and those herbal commonly used included gardenia, radix scrophulariae mulberry leaf, chrysanthemum, radix puerariae, glycyrrhizae, radix rehmanniae, rhizomaanemarrhenae, cassia twig, licorice, radix paeoniae alba, stone calamus, turmeric, bitter almond, mulberry leaf, chrysanthemum, radix scrophulariae, radix rehmanniae, radix ophiopogonis, forsythia, licorice, etc. There is a new experience for the heat, blood heat properties of pestilent convulsion, and it enriched the clinical treatment of the disease.Conclusion1. This thesis describes the origin and medical characteristic of spasm convulsion and pestilent convulsion in different historical period. Spasm convulsion first recorded in "Trescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases", the Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor laid the foundation of spasm convulsion treatment based on syndrome differentiation. ZhangZhongjing named spasm convulsion,and put forward it synopsis to formal definition, classification and treatment.Chen Wuze pointedoutthatblood deficiency diseases would cause spasm convulsion, Zhu Zhegnheng got the viewpoint of qi deficiency would cause spasm convulsion, and put forward a "painful" on Yin deficiency caused by ZhangZhongjing’stheory. The diagnosis and treatment of spasm convulsion was developed quickly in Qing dynasty, Ye Tianshi, XueShengbai further enriched the spasm convulsion differentiation, put forward the "hot induce inner wind", "hot and humid in complex" and the concept of " Straight in ", WuJutongsummarized the disease into four series as cold, hot, weak and reality.WangQingren also proposed "qi-deficiency and blood-stasis" theory to explain the pathogenesis. Modern doctor Yan Cangshan and Qin Bowei formally put forward the name of pestilent convulsion, and Wang Yongyanacademician proposed for epidemic encephalitis b, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis can be called a pestilent convulsion, and treatment from the perspective of plague convulsion.2. The syndrome of spasm convulsion mainly includes fever, coma, convulsion,fast pluse, delirium,daymouth,dysphoria and headache, the location syndrome factor is related to the brain (mind), channels and collaterals, liver, and the nature of syndrome factor is closed to heat, wind, heat, blood-deficiency. The medicine in the treatment of Spasm Disease mainly reinforcing herbel, stop convulsionherbel antipyretics herbel and invigorating spleen to reduce phlegm herbel. Gypsum,dyers woad leaf, isatidis root and gypsum, isatidis root, glycyrrhiza and gypsum, isatidis root and common anemarrhena is the common medicinal pair. The syndrome of fever, convulsion,coma and muscular spasms is usually treatment by rhinoceros horn, antelope horn, scutellaria, gardenia, uncaria, grass leaved sweetflagglycyrrhiza, tuber of dwarf lilyturfetl.3. Fever, absence, convulsions and raleare the four primary symptom of pestilent convulsion; its pathogenesis is closely related to the heat, phlegm, wind, disease location mainly in the brain. The disease location syndrome factor is related to the brain (mind), channels,liver and colorectal,and the nature of syndrome factor is closed to heat, wind, heat, phlegm, blood heat, Yin deficiency, summer-heat,wet. The medicines used in the treatment of pestilent convulsion aremainly ntipyreticsherbel stop convulsion herbal,and eliminating phlegm for resuscitation herbel. Rhubarb,mirabilite and gypsum, common anemarrhena and radix rehmanniae, cortex moutan and gypsum, dyers woad leaf and gypsum, isatidis root and gypsum, rhinoceros horn is the common medicinal pair, people in nowdays more likely for tongluo medicine herbal and dehumidification,such as honeysuckle, radix isatidis,,isatidis root, white peony root, gypsum, common anemarrhena, rhinoceros horn, antelope horn, dyers woad leaf and uncaria.4. Yin-deficiency, heat, jin-deficiency,winds,heat in colorectal and liver-wind stirring is the basic pathogenesis of spasm disease and pestilent convulsion,and spasm convulsion also have pathogenesis as summer-heat, wet, qi-deficiency and blood stage. The syndrome factors of two is similar, but pestilent convulsion also influence the colorectal and have pathogenesis of wet, summer-heat and yang hyperactivity. Both of the two disease treatment by ntipyreticsherbal stop convulsion herbal, and eliminating phlegm for resuscitation herbal, and spasm disease also using reinforcing herbal and nourishing blood and relex channels herbal,it’s worth modern physicians to learn.5. By contrasting ancient cases about similar pestilent convulsion with contemporary cases in episodes of spasm convulsion, this study finds that in ancient doctors’opinion Brain, liver, channels and lung are thedisease locations,,. Heat clearing and detoxification, functions of lishi is often used to increase liquid and tendons, eliminating phlegm to begin to understand the treatment, commonly used drugs are also given, gardenia, radix scrophulariae, mulberry leaf, chrysanthemum, radix puerariae, radix glycyrrhizae, radix rehmanniae, rhizomaanemarrhenae, cassia twig, radix paeoniae alba, stone calamus, turmeric, bitter almond, dwarf lilyturf, forsythia, etc.That modern physicians think that plague convulsion painful period of disease in the brain (mind), liver, channels, large intestine, small intestine, disease of sex of closed, dynamic wind, hot, hot, wet blood, phlegm, recognize the large intestine real and relieving phlegm heat close to the pathogenesis of intruders, and the pathological features of painful, blood hot on plague is a new experience, qingrejiedu, qing camp is often used to cool the blood and XiFeng antispasmodic treatment, commonly used drugs for radix isatidis, honeysuckle, gypsum, scorpion, uncaria, indigowoad leaf, etc. There is a new experience for the heat, blood heat properties of pestilent convulsion, and it enriched the clinical treatment of the disease. |
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