Study On Geographical Adaptability Design Of Herdsmen Settlement Buildings In Qinghai Haibei Pastoral Areas

Qinghai is one of four major pastoral areas in China, which pastoral area accounts for 96% of the province’s total area.As the key area animal husbandry in Qinghai province,Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is located in northeast of Qinghai province, which native pasture of the prefecture has21.49 million MU(traditional Chinese area unit), and takes 75.8% of the whole prefecture area. So the living condition of the pastoral people has influence on the sustainable development of the economy and ecology about the state.In Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, the settlement building has existed tow serious problems. On one hand, an increasingly number of researches indicated that because of plateau section,cold weather and lasting heating period,the major problem about local settlement buildings is indoor temperature lower during heating period,at the same time, the herdsmen need about indoor thermal environmental quality is the most impendent; comparing the design methods of other advantageous economic condition,Haibei settlement building cannot select air condition or other heating system and can only use passive design method which is limited by the exist energy resources and economic conditions. On the other hand, on the background of our state stronglysupport on the nomad settlement projects, although pilot projects have specific social effect and demonstration effect, the existing settlement projects have some problems, such as the unreasonable site, uncomfortable indoor spatial arrangement,confusion function division, poor construction quality, lower indoor temperature and absence of regional culture and so on, which can not satisfy the need of society and herdsmen. In conclusion,herdsmen settlement buildings should be combined architectural space function, form, construction and energy using and other elements comprehensively.Selecting Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture settlement building and analyzing systematiclyphysical geography,social culture and economical technology and the background of settlement buildingdevelopment, it concludes the effect of the region to settlementbuilding;analyzingprofoundly evolution, building space, form,technology and so on, it masters the influence factors and region features of settlement buildingdevelopment;investigating current situation and analyzing indoor environment, it posesquestions about architecture space, indoor physical environment and energy consumption; combiningregionfeature and existing question,it provides reasonable design method and theory under the guidance of residential building design method and theory,that passive solar heating is introduced in the design method as demonstration building in alpine agriculture and pasture region; and then combining with the demonstration engineering examples, discusses the effectiveness of the architectural design theory and method.The research has reached anticipation effect, and the objective testing and subjective satisfaction evaluation to pilot project has also demonstrated its effectiveness and popularity.Otherwise, theresearch result has provided theory guidance to herdsman self-building and herdsman settlement project design, which improves the herdsman settlement living conditional sustainable development in plateau section,therefore it will realize the goal of improving herdsman living and production conditions, increasing the natural source utilization ratio and building China into a harmonious and saving-oriented society.