The Formation Of Four Famous Buddhist Mountains In The Ming And Qing Dynasty And The Historical Changes Of Monasteries On The Four Buddhist Mountains

With the Mahayana Buddhism came into China, slowly derive Buddhisattva beliefs who has the specific function with the status after the Buddha. In China with the continuous improvement process on Buddhism, deepening the faith of Bodhisattva legends gradually plump, derived the four Bodhisattva who can help believers to escape the reality of suffering, to realize their dreams, which was Manjusri representing wisdom, Samantabhadra representing courage, Ksitigarbha representing great vows, Avalokiteshvara representing Mercy.Meanwhile, the four mountains in the territory of China also transform into the four Bodhisattva rites, these four mountains are Manjushri Bodhisattva rite: Wutai Mountain in Shanxi, Samantabhadra Bodhisattva rite: Emei Mountain in Sichuan, Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva rite: Jiuhua Mountain in Anhui, as well as Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva rite: Putuo Mountain in Zhejiang; these four temples become the center spread of Buddhism in China, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are called the four famous Buddhist mountains.Four famous Buddhist mountains formed as the center of communication of Buddhism, It is the inevitable result of Bodhisattva faith spread and accumulation for centuries. which is based on the Buddhist belief in the collective unconscious of construction activity on the basis of the result of the Buddhists. China’s four famous Buddhist mountains in the development of a thousand years,having experienced the rise and fall in the history of Buddhism in China, has also been staged monastery built historicaly.This paper attempts to analyze the local history of the mountain in different historical stages, referencing influential monks biography, celebrity travel, as well as the history of Buddhism in the developing process of four Bodhisattva rite. thus clarifying the Buddhist Bodhisattva development trajectory and major construction activities in Buddhist mountains recorded in history, a clear history of the four Bodhisattva forming process and the formation of a famous Buddhist temple in the four mountains.Combined with the specific field research activities, discoverying construction style, spatial layout and architectural features of existing Buddhist temple in the four famous Buddhist mountains, and their faith in the Buddha temple architecture embodies in many ways; research in four Bodhisattva on is still play the role of education to the faithful Buddhists, and the Buddhist temples carrying the important historical information.