Molecular Phylogenetic Studies On The Family Boletaceae In Southern China, And Taxonomic Study On The Genus Aureoboletus In China

Boletaceae is one kind of most important macrofungi, play a very important role in ecologic and economic. Usually refers to those species have tubular hymenophore,fleshly context and grow on ground.About 500 samples of boetes were collected in subtropic and tropic China; most of them were studied based on the morphological and molecular characters. More than one thousands sequences were obtained, contained 380 sequences of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit-nrLSU(nr LSU), 300 sequences of the translation elongation factor 1α(tef1-a), 330 sequences of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II(rpb1) and 300 sequences of the second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II(rpb2). Bayesian Inference(BI) and Maximum Likelihood(ML) methods were used for analyzing. At the meantime, the taxonomy of Aureoboletus in China was also studied. The main results were summarized as follows: 1. Molecular phylogenetical analysis of Boletaceae in Southern ChinaA ML tree was constructed based on the whole newly obtained nrLSU sequences and related sequences download from Genbank database, and about 56 known genera were included. After analyze the nrLSU result, DNA sequences of four genes obtained from 150 samples were choose for further study, no matter single gene or multi-gene analyses, all the results showed that about 32 known genera were found in southern China, 10 new clades were divided out based on molecular phylogentical analysis, nine out of ten were first put forward in this study, and the phylogenetic position of some clades in the family Boletaceae were clear. At the same time, a new genus and a new species were reported in this study. 2. Taxonomy of Aureoboletus in ChinaThe genus Aureoboletus was studied based on morphological characters and 4 gene(nrLSU, tef1-a, rpb1 and rpb2) dataset, the result revealed that the monophyly of Aureoboletus can be divided into 5 sections; and at least 33 species were found in China. In this study, only 18 species were described due to lack of enough specimens, contained 15 new species, 1 new combination and 2 known species. They were A. badius Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. castaneiceps Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. clavatus N.K. Zeng & Ming Zhang, A. formosus Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. glutinosus Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. heterospora Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. houranginus Ming Zhang & T.H. L, A. longicollis(Ces.) N.K. Zeng & Ming Zhang, A. marroninus T.H. Li & Ming Zhang, A. quercus-spinosae Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. rufobrunneus Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. sinapicolor Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. subglutinosus Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. tenuis T.H. Li & Ming Zhang, A. thibetanus(Pat.) Hongo & Nagas., A. tomentosus Ming Zhang & T.H. Li, A. viridulomolybdeus T.H. Li & Ming Zhang and A. zangii X.F. Shi & P.G. Liu, respectively. Besides, pictures of spores under SEM and a key to Aureoboletus species in China were provided.Our study showed that the Boleteaceae species diversity is very rich in Southern China, the mycoflora of Boletaceae in the research area is rich in Tropic East Asian elements, and also has close relations of biogeography with Japan. Besides, the species in Southern China also represents a unique mycoflora in the wolrd, and play an important role in study of molecular systematics and biogeography of Boletaceae. A styudy on the taxonomy of the genus Aureoboletus in China showed that the tropical and subtropical regions of southern China may represent a differentiation center of Aureoboletus species. The geographic distribution and species composition are unqiue, and no widely distributed species be found in this region.