| China has entered the medium-term economic restructuring. economic structural adjustment and industrial restructuring are unceasing developing and accelerating.With marketization, urbanization and technological development process, China's urban population employment structure has undergone significant changes. In 2007, flexible workers accounted for the proportion of the total labor force has risen to 44.18%. Moreover, in the next 10 to 15 years, when China will basically complete economic restructuring, flexible employment will become China's dominant mode of employment. Improving flexible working population's social pension insurance is vital to national well-being and the people's livelihood. It is vital for a smooth realization of the national social security goals, it is a necessary requirement for the development of socialist market economy, and it is also an important guarantee for the following three aspects:better solving the employment problem, promoting economic development, and successfully achieving the well-off society. Since 2005, on a pilot basis,our government began a comprehensive arrangements for those flexible working population's participating in social pension insurance. But so far, the social pension insurance participation "dilemma" issues are still outstanding:on the one hand expanding coverage is difficult, a large number of flexible working population income levels are difficult to achieve the standards required by the social old-age insurance contributions, so it is difficult to participate in pension insurance;on the other hand the insured persons pay lower social endowment insurance will constitute severe challenges of pension insurance sustainable development, the balance of pension insurance payments is difficult to establish a long-term equilibrium. Due to the problem related to the national social security goals, the maintenance of social harmony and the promotion of the socio-economic development, properly solving the "dilemma" problem and eliminating the majority ageing population pension worries have important theoretical and practical significance.Flexible working population's participating affordability, participating willingness as well as participating conduct are constrained by the demographic characteristics of this group. This paper intends to conform to the needs of practice, to understand the causes of the above "dilemma", and then to explore the establishment of flexible working population's social old-age insurance participation mode which could both adapt to the low affordability and to protect the long-term equilibrium of pension insurance payments.In the background of demographic.social security. and social endowment insurance actuarial etc. this basic research includes the following: first. China's flexible workforce demographic characteristics; second, affordability life table; third, participation life table:fourth, the related life expectancy's affecting on flexible working population's social old-age insurance participation mode.According to the research significance and research purposes, this paper can be divided into seven chapters:Chapter one:introduction. The chapter presents this paper's significance and the background, it reviews and evaluates relevant research results at home and abroad, illustrates the research framework, the research methods, the research paths, the main content and the innovation.Chapter two:China flexible working population and its characteristics, development. It defined the concept of a flexible workforce, explored the main demographic characteristics affect the participating behavior of flexible employment groups, studied the source, the scale and its development trend.Chapter three:international comparison on the ways of flexible working population participation. It analysed international practices of expanding coverage to the flexible working population, it explained different participation mode, with a view to resolve our country's flexible working population's participation issues.Chapter four:China flexible working population's social old-age insurance participation mode Analysis. It reviewed and analysed China's flexible working population's history, current situation, the main participation issue, the main mode of participation.It explored the participation's impact on social old-age insurance balance.Chapter five:China flexible workforce's participation in social endowment insurance:the relevant life table analysis. It applied life tables to calculate flexible working population's contribution affordability life expectancy, flexible working population's participation life expectancy. Based on flexible workforce life expectancy, it analyzed and evaluated the adaptability of all kinds of participation modesChapter six:China flexible working population's social old-age insurance participation mode simulation. This chapter established the social endowment insurance balance simulation equation for the flexible working population, simulated our current participation mode, computational analysed the participation's impact on social old-age insurance balance status and the impact on fund balances under different conditions.Chapter seven:mode choice and recommendations. Based on the above analysis.this chapter put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on how to establish a proper mode which could both adapt to the low affordability and to protect the long-term equilibrium of pension insurance payments.With regard to research methods,this paper pays attention to the combination of demography and social old-age insurance, it is a combination of qualitative research and quantitative analysis, a combination of normative analysis and empirical analysis, and it is an integration use of cohort studies, mathematical simulation and the population life table analysis.The main innovations are:First, it clearly stated the argument "China Flexible working population's social old-age insurance participation mode should be in line with their demographic characteristics, and should meet the requirements of their life expectancy, should adapt to their low affordability, and should ensure social old-age insurance long-term balance"; second, it defined the concept of a flexible workforce; third, according to recent national population sample survey,it analysed the demographic characteristics:flexible working population's age structure, mobility,work and leisure alternation,low-income levels,and high risk of income interruption,and it explored the main demographic characteristics affect the participation behavior of flexible employment groups; Fourth, it simulated the participation's impact on social old-age insurance balance status and the impact on fund balances under different conditions:Fifth,it applied demographic life table to the quantitative analysis and explained the root causes;Sixth, according to the conclusions of the life table, this paper evaluated the social pension insurance participation mode, it selected the appropriate mode, and it provided the necessary basis for decision making. |
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