Forest Resources Utilization In The Perspective Of Forest Tenure Reform: The Pattern, Target And Policy Design

By the long time, China's forestry has been positioned as an industrial sector whose dominant function is provision of timber, constant and continuous provision of industrial raw material make forest resources decline sharply, eco-environment worsen. The forest area whose development relies on forest resources faces serious problems of forestry, forest area and forester, namely "Three Lin" problems. The "Three Lin" problems embody a concentrated expression of low forestry productive forces. However, the crux of low forestry productivity lies in laggard system design, which is difficult to adapt to economic and social development and meet the needs of modern forestry. In 2003, the central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the State Council issued "Decision on Accelerating the Development of Forestry", the collective forest property reform which focused on "clearing the property rights, activating the management rights, granting treatment rights, insuring income rights" was explored initiatively in Fujian, Jiangxi, Liaoning and Zhejiang provinces. By the end of 2006, the reform had carried out throughout the country, so did the Yichun national forest area in Heilongjiang provinces, which breaks the operation and management system of state-run ownership and running manner in the state-owned forest areas more than 50 years. In the new round of forest tenure reform is carrying out in all parts of the country, beginning with the current situation of forest resources utilization, this dissertation deeply evaluates the performance of the reform with the perspective of resources utilization, moreover, constructs the targets of forest industry and forest ecosystem and the security systems which to promote targets carry out smoothly in the forest area.with a large number of statistical and survey data, the dissertation analyzes the current situation of forest resources utilization and the system factor of unreasonable utilization, evaluates the performance of the reform with certain statistical and mathematical methods, from three aspects of forest resource utilization itself, the development of the forest industry and the protection of forest ecosystem, and constructs the forestry goal of "two systems" and the security system in the forest area. Using the primary data, the dissertation aims to explore the effect of forest property reform on the forest resources utilization of Yichun in state-owned forest area, Fujian, Jiangxi and Hubei in the collective forest area. Employing mathematical methods, as SSM, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation etc. taking Fujian province as example, the dissertation makes a comparison analysis of the competitiveness and structure benefit of forest industry, the optimal level of forestry industrial structure and the forest ecological benefit before and after the forestry reform to inquiry into the effects of property reform on the regional industry development and ecological protection. In the background of "two systems" raised by the country, the targets of forest industry development and ecological construction are built and how to achieve the targets is expounded in the paper, to explore the influence of property reform on industry and ecology in the forest area, and gap between the present situation and the targets.The research shows that: many problems exist in the process, such as low utilization efficiency, backward processing technology, insufficient number and so on. Indefinite property system is the key factor which hinders utilizing forest resources effectively in China. A new round of the forest property reform which focuses on "clearing the property rights, activating the management rights, granting treatment rights, insuring income rights" has a positive impact on resources utilization in the forest area, promotes forest resources utilization markedly improve, forest industry further development and ecological benefit obviously increase.However, due to imperfectness matching system of the forest property rights system reform, forest resources utilization still has the very promotion space, forest industry needs further development, and forest ecological protection remains to strengthened further. To achieve smoothly the forest targets of the comparatively developed forest industry system and relatively comprehensive ecological system, a guarantee system needs to be constructed from two sides of the systems and policies in the paper.The creativity in this essay is:(1) Starting from the current situation of forest resources utilization, the research directly focuses on the effect of forest tenure reform on the forest resources utilization, in proper order analysis of effect on forest industry development and forest ecological protection. It also has a systematic and comprehensive description on how to achieve smoothly the target of forestry "two systems". So the research version is creative.(2) Based on the objectives of sustainable development, an evaluation index system of optimization of forestry industrial structure is constructed. Based on the evaluation index system of general industrial structure, the indexes of rationalization and advancement of forestry industrial structure are put forward, and their connotations are defined. Considering attributes of forestry providing ecological benefits as a priority, the target of ecologicalization is introduced to evaluate the condition of forestry industry structure simultaneously, an evaluation index system of optimization of forestry industrial structure, which includes rationalization, advancement and ecologicalization, is built on the goal of sustainable development in a creatively way, then taking Fujian province as example, empirical analysis is made by applying the index system.(3) The research reveals the deep reasons which the current forest property reform can not still achieve efficient utilization of forest resources and inherent mechanism of influence of inefficient utilization on accomplishment of the target of forestry industrial structure optimization and maximization of ecological benefits in the forest area. The "two systems" target of forestry industry and forest ecosystem is put forward, hereby the basic frameworks of the target are constructed, and finally, the paper designs a series of security measure helpful to advance the target attain, which is helpful to perfect the policy of forest property rights system reform, guide the practice of forest area and constantly improve the forestry sustainability with very important reference value.