Research On The Upgrade And Optimization Of The Tourism Industry Structure Based On The Industry Cluster

With the impact of the increasing market competition and the global financial crisis, the development of Chinese tourism industry is confronted with a great challenge and the tourism industrial structure adjustment has become a problem requiring urgent to be solved and has been a hotspot of the studies in the field of tourism industry. The tourism industrial structure upgrading essentially is an evolution from the "quantity" to "quality", and the key is to change the growth mode of tourism economy, take the road of scientific development concept and promote the development of tourism industrial cluster in order to acquire the expansion of scale and enhancing of efficiency each other and take the road of quality and efficiency. The exhibition of tourism industrial structure upgrading is the changing of tourism industry from the low-end to high-end, from extensive to intensive and from government-led to a combination of government and market-oriented.Because the industrial cluster has the advantage of scale economy, brand effect and technological innovation, through the tourism industrial cluster the innovation of tourism industry can be quicken and the quality can be enhanced. The industrial cluster has been an important way to adjust, upgrade and optimize the tourism industrial structure and the study on how the tourism industrial cluster to promote the upgrading and optimization of the tourism industrial structure has a great practical significance for the sustainable development of tourism industry. This paper attempts to build some relevant theory and mathematics model, research the mechanism of the tourism industrial cluster upgrading and optimizing the industrial structure and put forward some relevant countermeasures and suggestions. Compared with existing researches, the contributions of this paper are mainly reflected in the following areas:(1) A theoretical framework of the upgrading and optimization of the tourism industrial structure is constructed. The influencing factors and way of changing tourism industrial structure are analyzed from the changing of tourism products structure and tourism business model. This paper empirically analyzes the impact of market volatility, transport, hotels, brands and industrial policy etc. on the upgrading and optimization of the industrial structure. Through analyzing the relationship between the changing of industrial structure and its upgrading and optimization, this paper puts forward the mode of the upgrading and optimization of the tourism industrial structure and perfects the theoretical framework to study the upgrading and optimization of the tourism industrial structure.(2) This paper analyzes comparatively the distinction and link between the tourism industrial cluster and the manufacture industrial cluster, discusses the standard of identifying and the condition of defining the tourism industrial cluster, and focuses on analyzing the distinction between the tourism and manufacture industrial cluster and the particular advantage of industrial innovation. For the inadequacy of traditional methods to measure the concentration of the tourism industry, this paper constructs a location quotation index as a quantitative indicator of tourism industrial agglomeration through the comprehensive of the conditions, main body, effects and innovation capability of the tourism industry. At the same time, from the input-output table this paper analyzes the link between the tourism and other industries and synthesizes the industrial agglomeration and industrial link to get the index of identifying the tourism industrial cluster.(3) This paper constructs a theoretical model of tourism industrial cluster promoting the upgrading and optimization of tourism industrial structure, including dynamic mechanism, conducting mechanism and development ways. The using of technological innovation and technological progress theory into the analysis of the tourism industry transition and structural adjustment and optimization is a relatively new field. The dynamic mechanism mainly embodies in technological innovation, industry operating and industry development environment. The tourism industrial cluster conducts by corporations and stakeholders and finally promotes the upgrading and optimization of the tourism industrial structure by the ways such as product structure, operating mode, sector structure, and technological structure. The using of innovation effect of industrial cluster into tourism industry makes the development of tourism industry show integration and virtualization, urge the network boundary of tourism industry to expand, and promote the tourism industrial structure adjustment and upgrading, which is an important theoretical innovation in this paper.(4) The function mechanism existing between the upgrading and optimization of the tourism industrial structure and the selection of key technology is studied. This paper utilizes an ideal interval model based on the genetic algorithm to evaluate the human environment quality of regional tourism, utilizes a DEA model to evaluate the effective of the upgrading and optimization of the tourism industrial structure and analyzes comparatively the eastern, central, western and Hunan province to prove that the tourism industrial cluster has the important role in promoting the tourism industrial structure adjustment and is the best mode in the upgrading and optimization of the industrial structure. All of which are the methodological innovation in studying the tourism industrial structure.(5) Based on the viewpoint of industrial cluster, this paper implements a quantitative evaluation on the situation of the upgrading and optimization of the tourism industrial structure. The gray correlation model is used to empirically analyze the correlation between different tourism industrial departments and tourism revenue. The SSM model is used to analyze empirically immigration tourism revenue-effectiveness structure. This paper analyzes the structural problems of the development of Chinese tourism industry. Aiming at these problems, this paper further systematically puts forward some relevant countermeasures from the innovation of tourism products, technical means innovation, innovation of industrial management mode, products marketing mode innovation, innovation of industrial policy and institution, modular development of industrial cluster, as well as the risk prevention of the upgrading and optimization of industrial structure, which enrich the relevant researches on the adjustment of the tourism industrial structure.