Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Nomadic Population To Settle In The Mechanism, Mode And Effects Research

Gannan is located at northeasten edge of the Qingzang plateau,which is aintermediate zone between plastoral area and farming and forestry area of theQingzang plateau.Gannan is adjacent to Qinghai province in west,to Sichuan provincein south,to the southern of Gansu province in east and to the Loess plateau innorth.Mountainous country and plateau are its major landforms types.It is a highestregion with Qilian mountain in Gansu.Grasslands is its main natural resources.Relying on superior resources,nomadic livestock husbandry is the main industryof Gansu.During the period of Fishing and Hunting,nomadic pattern can keep positivecycle of meadow ecological system.With population increasing,the pattern exposedshortcomings on the condition of herdsman conception as before,what's more,theconditionsof the pettern being is disappearring.It is necessary to transfer fromnomadism to settle down,which has strong theoretical foundations in Economics,Ecology,Ethnology,Sociology and Demographics.Compared with before,Gannan's threshold value range of sustainingdevelopment is shrinking obviously in view of bearing the weight of factor or region'senvionment.If nomadic pettern is being kept,Gannan's meadow ecological systemwould collapse undoubtedly.Then Gannan government started a great project ofguiding herdsman to settle down in 1986.Because of it,herdsman's producing andliving conditions are being improved clearly,though there is a long distance to the goalof the project.By investigation and research,we know that the project should suit measures tolocal conditions.The project has its own charactors in Gannan.Firstly,it need aconsummate mechanismsystem composed of power,move,stabilization and benefitmechanisms.There is a kind of close logical relation among them.They rely on andcompact each other.If one or several of them aren't consummate,the project wouldbe hindered and the state of meadow worsening wouldn't be changed.Secondly,according to ecological founction districts,meadow type and its function,meadow'spresent conditions,measures of protecting ecology and so on,models of guidingherdsman to settle down are different in defferent counties or districts whose meadowstates are different.The thesis put forward the model of complete settle down is fit toecological fragile district which has an intense contradiction between meadow andanimals,and the model of uncomplete settle down is fit to districts where meadowdegenerated lightly,and the model of mixed settle down is fit to distrcts which hasagricultural base in a sense and degenerating meadow,or are high elevation plastoralareas which are facing serious degeneration of meadow.Through consummatemechanism systen and suitable model,the project will appear positive effects on life,produce,society,ecology and culture.They appeared in a sense during the longpractice.These effects are independent and stimulated each other,and push forwardrengional sustaining development.Because we sre still short of knowledge on settle down,we must pay moreattention to other referent problems of the project such as resocialization,temple economy,social relation of herdsman,ideology and so on.In view of existing andlatent problems,the thesis put forward corresponding suggests in order to push on theproject of guiding herdsman of Gannan to settle down successfully.