The Research On The Headquarter Economy And The Industrial Upgrading In Central Cities

Industrial upgrading has become more and more urgent in China today. Different regions have different requirements of the industrial upgrading. The economy development of central cities is in the face of the new transition, that is the transition from developing the manufacturing industry to developing the headquarter economy, which is basically in order to promote the industrial upgrading in central cities. Space re-allocation of headquarters and manufacturing sectors in different areas, especially in the different circles of the city, strengthen cooperation and industry-led, output the abundant technology ,information resources through the resources radiation of central city to the surrounding areas and manufacturing bases for achieving the maximum of the efficiency of resources between cities. The development of the headquarter economy is the power of adjusting the economic structure, promoting the industrial upgrading, strengthening regional competitive advantages and upgrading the taste of the city, which can be realized by promoting the industrial upgrading of the central city, developing the modern service industry vigorously and forming the reasonable industrial distribution.In order to realize the sustainable development and prosperity of the central city, the desire of the economic restructuring needs to upgrade the industrial structure urgently, so developing the headquarter economy is an efficient method for the industrial upgrading and function transformation of the central city. In such urgent situation, we do the following research: (1)"the research on the headquarter economy in Chengdu"(Professor Guoyuanxi; Project number: 06RKYD081ZF-029), (2) write the thesis"the research on the industrial upgrading and the headquarter economy development"(Guoyuanxi, Tianmin; Economic Research; 2008)The main opinion of the thesis is:The headquarter economy is a new economic conception which comes into being with the development of the central city economy theory. The headquarter economy, also can be called the summit economy, is on the high-end of the value chain in the economic activities, Generally speaking, the headquarter economy is the collective calling of the economic activities which derived from the various organizations of the headquarters or their branches relative accumulation. They include the politics, culture, education, research agencies; also include the economic agencies of producing, researching, marketing, and managing. Narrowly speaking, the headquarter economy is the short title of the economic activities which derived from the corporation's central accumulation. From the value shape, the headquarter economy contains the total economic value of the organization and the agencies above, which includes the dominant and the hidden value: The dominant value is the direct economic efficiency from activities of the central organizations, the hidden value is the related value-added from the central economic activities.The headquarter economy form, which is the form of"headquarters--manufacturing base--industrialization of resources", is the only way to connecting the central city, the medium and small cities, and underdeveloped areas. By developing the headquarter economy in the central cities, make sure to exclude the central city from the traditional manufacturing industry which is on the low-end of the value chain, and realize the industrial upgrading and the adjustment of the industrial structure. The development of the high-end control centre on the part of headquarter, research, design, marketing, etc. should be focused on in the central cities; the metropolitan suburbs , the medium and large cities are supposed to focus on researching the high-tech industry, including the core industries, the supporting industries and the derivatives industries; other cities and small towns develop the common manufacturing industry, Labor-intensive industry and the supporting industry; majority of the surrounding areas gradually form the characteristic and various types of the regional patterns which have their own regional characteristics.Developing the headquarter economy can not only attract the capital, technology, management experiences and international talents, but also can promote the formation of industrial clusters. It will occupy the market, allocate resources, create effective and prevent risk for maximum effect, and input the lowest costs. The headquarters are not only classified to the global headquarters and the regional headquarters, but also the management headquarters and the fictional headquarters. The development of the headquarters economy means the inter-regional cooperation form based on the enterprises can be realized. those central cities which have obvious geographical advantages should consider the headquarters economy as a regional economic development strategy and model, create the conditions to make the enterprises to set their headquarters(including the research and marketing centre)in the regions, intercept the high-end industrial chain, promote the level of the regional industries, expanse the total economic output to enhance the power of the regions'economic competitiveness and industrial radiation, and then realize the industrial transformation and upgrading.Developing the headquarters economy should change the thought of city development following the desires of the economic globalization to promote the economy transformation. Develop the tertiary industry which is in the high-end part, especially the modern service industry, this is also the common characteristic of the international cities; secondly, building the commercial district, finance street, science and technology parks, convention and exhibition center, logistics base and the related business environment should be focus on. Using the regional advantages to build up the developed modern service industry, modern transport network facilities, convenient information channel, and form the international business platform directly, promote the power of the attraction, aggregation and radiation, and expand the influences to all parts of the world.Handle the relationship between attracting the headquarters of the enterprises outside the region to settle in and nurturing local ones. When improving the environment to increase the attractiveness, the city should take many different ways the support and encourage the local enterprises to speed up the independent innovation, nurture the core competitiveness, promote the rapid development of local enterprises, exalt its statue in the system of the international value chain, and make the local enterprises become the real powerful power to promote the industrial upgrading and strategic transformation. Coordinate the relationship between the neighboring, and make the headquarters economy serves as the major driving farce to speed up the economic development of the neighboring.The thesis researches on the new desire for the central cities, the inter-relationship between the industrial upgrading and developing the headquarters economy by analyzing the theory of the centre--external industrial development theory and the industrial upgrading theory, points out that developing the modern service industry and the upgrading of the power of accumulation and driving force must be focused on when developing the headquarters economy, which result in forming the reasonable circle layout and the primary, secondary and tertiary industry jointly driving economic growth, finally the thesis suggests the methods to develop the headquarters economy. Meanwhile, do the empirical analysis on the central cities in Western region -—the development of the headquarters economy in Chengdu. The innovative viewpoints are as bellow:1, the reorganization of the headquarters economy is advancedThe headquarter economy is the collective calling of the economic activities which derived from the various organizations of the headquarters or their branches relative accumulation(they include the politics, culture, education, research agencies; also include the economic agencies of producing, researching, marketing, and managing). From the value shape, the headquarter economy contains the total economic value of the organization and the agencies above, which includes the dominant and the hidden value: The dominant value is the direct economic efficiency from activities of the central organizations, the hidden value is the related value-added from the central economic activities.2, developing the headquarters economy is the realistic requirement of the industrial upgrading.The development of the headquarters economy is depended heavily on the adjustment of the economic structure, the environmental improvement and the function of the whole city. From the manufacturing base to the headquarters economy is an essential span, which is also a process of the economy structure transformation and the realistic requirement of the industrial upgrading.3, Bring up the system of the industrial guided indexes for developing the headquarter economy in the central cityIf a city wants to realize the fundamental transformation from the traditional manufacturing base to the modern headquarters base, it must adjust the industrial structure; especially develop various modern service industries. Specifically speaking, it should focus on the following industry guides:①basic facilities and industries;②finance;③information industry;④human resources management;⑤three-dimensional transport industry;⑥intermediary services industry;⑦modern Logistics;⑧business4, the circle industry division and upgrading of the headquarter economy in the central cityDifferent central cities have different regional advantages to attract enterprises which are on the different parts of the production of the industry chain to accumulate which results in realizing the industry upgrading and reasonable internal division. In modern economy, the division is:the first circle form the central city of finance, information, business and technology innovation local region"circle"based on the central city, its industrial location is to put the modern service industry and the regional local manufacturing service industry in the foreground; the second circle is based on metropolitan suburbs , medium and large cities; the third circle is based on other cities and small towns , developing common manufacturing industry and various Labor-intensive industry is the main task; the forth circle's main task is to develop the various characteristic industrial bases for surrounding areas. Different circle economy will become the important part of the whole Chinese industry division, promote the industry upgrading in the central city, and radiate the other cities, then finally realize the nationwide dynamic integration of the industrial structure, and the industrial upgrading in the different regional circles.5, realizing the industrial upgrading after the pattern of headquarters– manufacturing base- resources industrializationBy developing the headquarter economy, the central cities need to find its right location and change the way to get the benefit fundamentally, it means central cities have to withdraw form the traditional manufacturing base which is on the low-end of the value chain for the surrounding areas, and then realize the industrial upgrading and the industrial restructuring. The"Headquarter- manufacturing base- resource industrialization"pattern is the only way for the central city to connect the medium and small cities and the underdeveloped areas. The central cities are supposed to focus on developing the headquarter control management, research, marketing, etc. , which are on the top-end of the industrial chain, and the big cities are supposed to focus on the high-tech and the advanced manufacturing industry, form the supporting industry, derivatives industry group around the core industry. Medium and small city and town develop the common manufacturing industry, labor-intensive industry and the supporting industry to serve as the force to form the various characteristic industrialized bases in the surrounding areas.